Resveratrol in prostate diseases - a short review

Abstract

IntroductionResveratrol is a plant–derived polyphenol suggested to have many beneficial health effects, including antioxidant, anti–inflammatory, anti–proliferative, proapoptotic, and anti–angiogenic. It is even specu- lated that uptake of resveratrol by red wine consumption could be behind the so–called French paradox the lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases in the French population. These properties, together with good absorption and tolerance, would make it an attractive agent in prostatic diseases, especially in cancer prevention and treatment.Material and methodsMEDLINE search (keywords “prostate res- veratrol”) resulted in 39 research papers published since 2007. It has been shown that resveratol down–regulate androgen receptor expression, inhibit proliferation, and promote apop- tosis in prostate cancer cell lines and enhance their sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Several studies on animal prostate cancer development also suggest that resveratrol is able do delay or prevent carcino- genesis in prostate. Despite these promising results, there is no proof of any therapeutic properties of resveratrol in prostate diseases from human clinical trials nor any information about ongoing trials in this field.ConclusionsResveratrol is produced and sold as a nutritional supplement, there is not enough clinical evidence to justify a recommendation for the administration of resveratrol in humans at present.

Sensitization of Radioresistant Prostate Cancer Cells by Resveratrol Isolated from Arachis hypogaea Stems

“…RV, a plant-derived polyphenolic phytoalexin, potentiates the effects of radiation and chemotherapeutic agents in PCa cells [36,37]. RV can be isolated from a wide variety of plants including grapes, peanuts, and soy.…”

“…Previous studies have been performed using a considerable number of cell-based and few animal experiments, but there have been no clinical trials in human subjects [14,37]. Several PCa cell lines have been used to investigate the anticancer activity of RV including PC-3 (androgen receptor-negative), C4-2, and CWR22RV1 (both androgen-independent) cells.…”

Interdiction of Sphingolipid Metabolism Revisited: Focus on Prostate Cancer

“…Inhibition of DES and induction of autophagy have been shown in a gastric cancer cells, although the mechanism may be mediated indirectly through modulation of redox status (Gagliostro et al, 2012; Shin et al, 2012; Signorelli et al, 2009). Resveratrol supplementation in animal models has shown variable results, and to date, there is no clinical evidence to make recommendations for cancer prevention or therapy (Carter, D’Orazio, & Pearson, 2014; Jasinski, Jasinska, & Ogrodowczyk, 2013).…”

Roles of Autophagy Induced by Natural Compounds in Prostate Cancer

“…After Jang et al reported for the first time in 1997 the ability of resveratrol to inhibit the carcinogenic process at multiple stages, including initiation, promotion and progression [ 91 ], subsequent studies have focused on its potential chemopreventive function in many different animal models of carcinogenesis [ 92 ]. Resveratrol has been reported to have antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on PCa cell lines [ 93 ]. Relatively few in vivo studies however have investigated and confirmed the effects of resveratrol on PCa prevention and treatment [ 92 ].…”