Resveratrol attenuates hepatic complications associated with insulin resistance: Implications on hepatic HAIR, LAIR, cell energy and DNA fragmentation

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a chronic condition, often related to obesity, improper diet, insulin resistance (IR); and can lead to significant health complications. Resveratrol (RSV) is a naturally occurring polyphenol recently postulated to be a powerful antioxidant, hepatoprotective and a potential anti-hyperglycemic. Our research aimed to investigate some possible mechanisms of action that may contribute to the efficacy of RSV to reverse the IR and hepatic complications associated with MetS experimentally induced in rats using high fathigh fructose (HFHF) diet model. Results revealed that RSV treatment (40 mg/kg p.o) for ten days protected against IR and hepatic insult as demonstrated by reduction in HOMA-IR, hepatic HAIR and LAIR expression, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), TNF-α levels, oxidative and nitrosative stresses, serum AST and ALT. Furthermore; increasing serum albumin and total protein levels and improving hepatic tissue; cell energy status by increasing adenylate energy charge (AEC) and reducing AMP/ATP ratio and preserving hepatic tissue cellular integrity represented by lowering 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHDG); the results were comparable to those of metformin. As a conclusion; using RSV could be valuable in treatment of hepatic complications associated with MetS and its efficacy probably involves enhancement of cell energy as well as conservation of cellular integrity.

Curcumin nanoemulsion counteracts hepatic and cardiac complications associated with high‐fat/high‐fructose diet in rats

“…The development of several medical complications, such as NAFLD and cardiac abnormalities are major hazards related to the consumption of high-fat-high-sugar diets. Due to the lack of an established treatment strategy; one of the recent approaches to manage such medical complications is the use of food supplements (Cordner & Tamashiro, 2015;Lalanza et al, 2014;Migliaccio et al, 2019;Rochlani et al, 2017;Saleh et al, 2017). In addition, the use of nanoencapsulation has been reported to enhance the therapeutic activity of nutraceuticals (Abd-Allah et al, 2020a;Amer et al, 2020;El-Zaafarany et al, 2021;Ramzy et al, 2020;Shaaban et al, 2021).…”

“…Moreover, the total adenylate energy charge AEC; a reliable ratio representing cellular energy status (Abd-Allah, Abdel Jaleel et al, 2020), was decreased in both the cardiac and hepatic tissue. Besides, the level of 8-OHdG indicating oxidative DNA damage (Harris et al, 2021;Saleh et al, 2017;Taha et al, 2021;Yamada et al, 2020) was increased in both the hepatic and cardiac tissues. stress (Asokan et al, 2019;Feillet-Coudray et al, 2019;Pereira et al, 2017;Saleh et al, 2017;Tsai et al, 2016).…”

“…Besides, the level of 8-OHdG indicating oxidative DNA damage (Harris et al, 2021;Saleh et al, 2017;Taha et al, 2021;Yamada et al, 2020) was increased in both the hepatic and cardiac tissues. stress (Asokan et al, 2019;Feillet-Coudray et al, 2019;Pereira et al, 2017;Saleh et al, 2017;Tsai et al, 2016). Previous investigations revealed the between increased leptin, TC, and TG level and the ingestion of HFHF diets, hence increasing the risk of cardiac abnormalities due to hyperlipidemia (Lozano et al, 2016;Tian et al, 2018).…”

“…The total adenylate energy charge (AEC) was calculated according to the following equation (Atkinson & Walton, 1967;Saleh et al, 2017;Teerlink et al, 1993):…”

Biological and Pharmacological Characterization of Ascorbic Acid and Nicotinamide Chitosan Nanoparticles against Insulin-Resistance-Induced Cognitive Defects: A Comparative Study

“…Determination of ATP, ADP, and AMP : Brain cortex and hippocampus adenosine contents of tri-, di-, and monophosphate (ATP, ADP, and AMP) were quantified, and the total adenylate energy charge (AEC) was calculated as previously described. − …”