Resveratrol: Anti-Obesity Mechanisms of Action

Abstract

Abstract:Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid polyphenol which belongs to the stilbenes group and is produced naturally in several plants in response to injury or fungal attack. Resveratrol has been recently reported as preventing obesity. The present review aims to compile the evidence concerning the potential mechanisms of action which underlie the anti-obesity effects of resveratrol, obtained either in cultured cells lines and animal models. Published studies demonstrate that resveratrol has an anti-adipogenic effect. A good consensus concerning the involvement of a down-regulation of C/EBPα and PPARγ in this effect has been reached. Also, in vitro studies have demonstrated that resveratrol can increase apoptosis in mature adipocytes. Furthermore, different metabolic pathways involved in triacylglycerol metabolism in white adipose tissue have been shown to be targets for resveratrol. Both the inhibition of de novo lipogenesis and adipose tissue fatty acid uptake mediated by lipoprotein lipase play a role in explaining the reduction in body fat which resveratrol induces. As far as lipolysis is concerned, although this compound per se seems to be unable to induce lipolysis, it increases lipid mobilization stimulated by β-adrenergic agents. The increase in brown adipose tissue thermogenesis, and consequently the associated energy dissipation, can contribute to explaining the body-fat lowering effect of resveratrol. In addition to its effects on adipose tissue, resveratrol can also acts on other OPEN ACCESSMolecules 2014, 19 18633 organs and tissues. Thus, it increases mitochondriogenesis and consequently fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle and liver. This effect can also contribute to the body-fat lowering effect of this molecule.

Resveratrol treatment rescues hyperleptinemia and improves hypothalamic leptin signaling programmed by maternal high-fat diet in rats

“…Contrarily, in a recent study using Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, it was demonstrated that resveratrol treatment (200 mg/Kg BW/day) did not affect adipose tissue mass or body weight, but resveratrol induced marked changes in the adipose tissue metabolism, such as increased mitochondrial biogenesis with increase in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 (PGC-1α) and also increased adiponectin synthesis in a depot-specific manner [27]. Another possible mechanism associated with reduced fat mass induced by resveratrol would be through the increase in fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle and liver, increasing energy expenditure and possibly increasing the demand of lipolysis [28].…”

Identification of Mest/Peg1 gene expression as a predictive biomarker of adipose tissue expansion sensitive to dietary anti-obesity interventions

“…Finally, hydroxytyrosol and resveratrol are two phenolic phytochemicals abundant in extra-virgin olive oil and grapes and red wine, respectively. For these two compounds, beneficial effects on metabolic health have been demonstrated, including an anti-obesity action in animals (Cao et al 2014;Aguirre et al 2014) which has been related to interactions with adipogenesis and adipocyte lipid and energy metabolism (Hao et al 2010;Drira and Sakamoto 2014;Mercader et al 2011;Gomez-Zorita et al 2013) among other mechanisms. The dietary interventions chosen thus represent a broad range of treatments shown to attenuate or prevent the development of HFDinduced obesity and associated features of the metabolic syndrome in different studies.…”

Konposatu fenolikoak eta osasuna

“…Hori dela eta, proposatu da konposatu fenolikoak obesitatearen aurkako molekula bezala erabil litezkeela [20]. Hala ere, gaurdaino argitaratu diren lan gehienak animalietan egin direnez, oso handiak dira lortutako emaitzak gizakietara estrapolatzeko mugak.…”