Resuscitation and emergency care in drowning: A scoping review

Bierens, Joost J.L.M.; Abelairas‐Gómez, Cristian; Furelos, Roberto Barcala; Beerman, Stephen; Claesson, Andreas; Dunne, Cody; Elsenga, Hylmar; Morgan, Patrick; Mecrow, Tom; Pereira, Jeevan; Scapigliati, Andrea; Seesink, Jeroen; Schmidt, Andrew; Sempsrott, Justin; Szpilman, David; Warner, David S.; Webber, Jonathon; Johnson, Samantha; Olasveengen, Theresa M.; Morley, Peter; Perkins, Gavin D

doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.01.033

Cited by 37 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…1 However, Bierens et al estimated that this was only the “tip of the iceberg” as it was the only number of reported cases, and the actual number was even higher. 4 Furthermore, epilepsy is also a risk factor for drowning, and the risk of drowning in epilepsy patients is 15–19 times higher than normal individuals. 5 Although no apparent seizure was witnessed in this case, it is quite possible that the seizure was the trigger for drowning because the patient had a history of drowning while bathing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drowning case complicated with a cardiopulmonary arrest and severe ARDS saved with a good neurological outcome by ECMO: A case report

Cho

Furukawa

Ogawa

2022

Respirology Case Reports

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Cardiopulmonary arrest ( CPA ) due to drowning has an extremely high mortality rate, and very few cases have good neurological outcomes. Severe respiratory failure can occur even after resuscitation. A 66 year old woman with a history of refractory epilepsy had a CPA due to drowning. Approximately 20 min after drowning, she was resuscitated and transported to the hospital, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ( ECMO ) was introduced on day two due to continued severe respiratory failure caused by acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS) . After the introduction of ECMO , her respiratory status gradually improved and ECMO was discontinued on day 12. Approximately 6 months after drowning, she visited our hospital for a follow‐up with a cerebral performance category of 1. Since cases of CPA due to drowning with a short drowning time or hypothermia are expected to have good neurological outcomes, the introduction of ECMO should be considered as a treatment for ARDS after resuscitation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drowning case complicated with a cardiopulmonary arrest and severe ARDS saved with a good neurological outcome by ECMO: A case report

Cho

Furukawa

Ogawa

2022

Respirology Case Reports

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“…In drowning cardiac arrest, systemic hypoxia is the primary factor [ 12 , 13 ], so conventional CPR including ventilations and compressions is the main recommended strategy [ 13 ]. The aim of ventilation is to combat hypoxia [ 14 ], and the role of compression is to achieve the necessary cerebral and coronary perfusion [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison between Three Different Techniques Considering Quality Skills, Fatigue and Hand Pain during a Prolonged Infant Resuscitation: A Cross-Over Study with Lifeguards

Barcala-Furelos

Noguera

et al. 2022

Children

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The aim of the study was to compare the quality of CPR (Q-CPR), as well as the perceived fatigue and hand pain in a prolonged infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by lifeguards using three different techniques. A randomized crossover simulation study was used to compare three infant CPR techniques: the two-finger technique (TF); the two-thumb encircling technique (TTE) and the two-thumb-fist technique (TTF). 58 professional lifeguards performed three tests in pairs during a 20-min period of CPR. The rescuers performed compressions and ventilations in 15:2 cycles and changed their roles every 2 min. The variables of analysis were CPR quality components, rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and hand pain with numeric rating scale (NRS). All three techniques showed high Q-CPR results (TF: 86 ± 9%/TTE: 88 ± 9%/TTF: 86 ± 16%), and the TTE showed higher values than the TF (p = 0.03). In the RPE analysis, fatigue was not excessive with any of the three techniques (values 20 min between 3.2 for TF, 2.4 in TTE and 2.5 in TTF on a 10-point scale). TF reached a higher value in RPE than TTF in all the intervals analyzed (p < 0.05). In relation to NRS, TF showed significantly higher values than TTE and TTF (NRS minute 20 = TF 4.7 vs. TTE 2.5 & TTF 2.2; p < 0.001). In conclusion, all techniques have been shown to be effective in high-quality infant CPR in a prolonged resuscitation carried out by lifeguards. However, the two-finger technique is less efficient in relation to fatigue and hand pain compared with two-thumb technique (TF vs. TTF, p = 0.01).

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“…This topic is particularly relevant and topical to lifeboat crews dealing with drowning victims. It was recently highlighted in a review on behalf of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR), but at present there is a lack of scientific literature on this important topic for the drowning researchers community ( 19 ). With the results of the current study we hoped to gain new insights on the influence of wearing protective gear on BLS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Basic Life Support by Lifeboat Crewmembers While Wearing a Survival Suit and Life Vest: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Venema

Sahinovic

Ramaker

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Introduction: Crewmembers of the “Royal Netherlands Sea Rescue Institution” (KNRM) lifeboats must wear heavy survival suits with integrated lifejackets. This and the challenging environment onboard (boat movements, limited space) might influence Basic Life Support (BLS) performance. The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of the protective gear on single-rescuer BLS-quality.Material and Methods: Sixty-five active KNRM crewmembers who had recently undergone a BLS-refresher course were randomized to wear either their protective gear (n = 32) or their civilian clothes (n = 33; control group) and performed five 2-min sessions of single rescuer BLS on a mannequin on dry land. BLS-quality was assessed according to Dutch and European Resuscitation guidelines. A between group analysis (Mann-Whitney U) and a repeated within group analysis of both groups (Friedman test) were performed.Results: There were no major demographic differences between the groups. The protective gear did not significant impair BLS-quality. It was also not associated with a significant increase in the perceived exertion of BLS (Borg's Rating scale). Compression depth, compression frequency, the percentage of correct compression depth and of not leaning on the thorax, and ventilation volumes in both groups were suboptimal when evaluated according to the BLS-guidelines.Conclusions: The protective gear worn by KNRM lifeboat-crewmembers does not have a significant influence on BLS-quality under controlled study conditions. The impact and significance on outcome in real life situations needs to be studied further. This study provides valuable input for optimizing the BLS-skills of lifeboat crewmembers.

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Resuscitation and emergency care in drowning: A scoping review

Cited by 37 publications

References 79 publications

Drowning case complicated with a cardiopulmonary arrest and severe ARDS saved with a good neurological outcome by ECMO: A case report

Drowning case complicated with a cardiopulmonary arrest and severe ARDS saved with a good neurological outcome by ECMO: A case report

A Comparison between Three Different Techniques Considering Quality Skills, Fatigue and Hand Pain during a Prolonged Infant Resuscitation: A Cross-Over Study with Lifeguards

Performance of Basic Life Support by Lifeboat Crewmembers While Wearing a Survival Suit and Life Vest: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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