Resurrected Pandemic Influenza Viruses

Tumpey, Terrence M.; Belser, Jessica A.

doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.091208.073359

Cited by 54 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…the patients affected by the former were young adults, whereas the highest incidence of the latter occurs in elderly subjects (over 65 years of age) and in children under 2 years of age. (1,3,6,10,12,15) The results indicated higher percentages of cases among young adults and a low incidence among elderly subjects, suggesting that there are differences between the age group of the patients hospitalized for influenza A (H1N1) 2009 infection and the age group of the population in the state…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza pandêmica A (H1N1) 2009: fatores de risco para o internamento

et al. 2012

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Objective: To evaluate pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in hospitalized patients in order to identify risk factors for hospitalization and, consequently, for the worsening of the disease. Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted between March and December of 2010. The data were collected from the Brazilian Ministry of Health National Case Registry Database. We included only patients (inpatients and outpatients) in whom H1N1 infection was confirmed (via laboratory testing) during the study period. The variables regarding demographic and clinical characteristics were statistically evaluated in order to compare the hospitalization rates in the presence or absence of these factors. Risk factors were identified by logistic regression analysis. Results: We included 4,740 patients with laboratory confirmation of H1N1 infection. Of these, 1,911 individuals were hospitalized, and 258 (13.5%) died. The risk factors for hospitalization were age (20-29 years), African or Indigenous ethnicity, presence of specific comorbidities (heart disease, lung disease, kidney disease, hemoglobinopathy, immunosuppression, diabetes, obesity, puerperium, and smoking), a high number of comorbidities, and specific symptoms (dyspnea, diarrhea, vomiting, chest pain, hemoptysis, pneumonia, and wheezing). Higher levels of education and early use of oseltamivir were found to be protective factors. Hospitalization contributed to an increase in survival. Conclusions: Knowledge of the epidemiological characteristics that can be associated with hospitalization, disease severity, and mortality can be helpful in the adoption of preventive measures, as well as in the early diagnosis and treatment of disease, which might contribute to the reduction in the numbers of hospitalizations and deaths.Keywords: Influenza A virus, H1N1 subtype; Hospitalization; Risk factors; Oseltamivir. ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar os aspectos da influenza pandêmica A (H1N1) 2009 em pacientes hospitalizados a fim de identificar os fatores de risco para o internamento e, consequentemente, para o agravamento da doença. Métodos: Estudo observacional e retrospectivo realizado entre março e dezembro de 2010. Os dados foram coletados a partir do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação do Ministério da Saúde. Foram incluídos somente os pacientes hospitalizados e não hospitalizados com confirmação laboratorial da infecção durante o período de estudo. As variáveis referentes às características demográficas e clínicas foram avaliadas estatisticamente a fim de comparar as taxas de internamento na presença ou na ausência desses fatores. Os fatores de risco foram identificados por regressão logística. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 4.740 pacientes com confirmação laboratorial da infecção. Desses, 1.911 foram internados, e 258 (13,5%) foram a óbito. Os fatores de risco para o internamento foram idade (faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos), etnia negra ou indígena, presença de algumas comorbidades (cardiopatias, pneumopatias, nefropatias, hemoglobinopatia, imunodepres...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza pandêmica A (H1N1) 2009: fatores de risco para o internamento

et al. 2012

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“…nfluenza A virus (IAV) has caused seasonal epidemics and four pandemics in the last century, which threaten the global public health (1). More recently, it has been reported that avian IAV variants, including H5N1 and H7N9, can cross-infect humans with higher mortality than other strains of human-infectious IAV (2).…”

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confidence: 99%

Intranasal Introduction of Fc-Fused Interleukin-7 Provides Long-Lasting Prophylaxis against Lethal Influenza Virus Infection

Kang

Choi

et al. 2016

J Virol

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Influenza IMPORTANCEThe major consequence of a highly pathogenic IAV infection is severe pulmonary inflammation, which can result in organ failure and death at worst. Although vaccines for seasonal IAVs are effective, frequent variation of surface viral proteins hampers development of protective immunity. In this study, we demonstrated that intranasal IL-7-mFc pretreatment protected immunologically naive mice from lethal IAV infections. Intranasal pretreatment with IL-7-mFc induced an infiltration of T cells in the lung, which reside as effector/memory T cells with lung-retentive markers. Those IL-7-primed pulmonary T cells contributed to development of protective immunity upon IAV infection, reducing pulmonary immunopathology while increasing IAV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Since a single treatment with IL-7-mFc was effective in the protection against multiple strains of IAV for an extended period of time, our findings suggest a possibility that IL-7-mFc treatment, as a potential prophylaxis, can be developed for controlling highly pathogenic IAV infections.

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“…Novel influenza viruses introduced into the human population that are able to spread efficiently from human to human have the potential to cause pandemics with significant morbidity and mortality (5,9,16). A novel subtype of influenza A virus called pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus was identified in Mexico and was reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Atlanta, GA) and WHO in April 2009 (2,3,8).…”

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confidence: 99%