Results of Two Cases of Pig-to-Human Kidney Xenotransplantation

Montgomery, Robert A.; Stern, Janet; Lonze, Bonnie E.; Tatapudi, Vasishta; Mangiola, Massimo; Wu, Ming C.; Weldon, Elaina; Lawson, Nikki; Deterville, Cecilia; Dieter, Rebecca A; Sullivan, Brigitte; Boulton, Gabriella; Parent, Brendan; Piper, Greta L.; Sommer, P.; Cawthon, Samantha; Duggan, Erin; Ayares, David; Dandro, Amy; Fazio-Kroll, Ana; Kokkinaki, Maria; Burdorf, Lars; Lorber, Marc I.; Boeke, Jef D.; Pass, Harvey I.; Keating, Brendan J.; Griesemer, Adam; Ali, Nicole; Mehta, Sapna A.; Stewart, Zoe A.

doi:10.1056/nejmoa2120238

Cited by 232 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

167

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, utilization of xenografts is not without its challenges, and addressing these is critical to both clinical success and public acceptable of early porcine-to-human xenograft trials. Recent media attention around the first clinical trials has cast attention on the field, and this will hopefully continue to stimulate a conversation about the ethical and social concerns regarding the use of porcine xenografts as initial trials are developed, conducted, and reported in a scientific format ( 92 ). Ideally, these trials would focus on determining appropriate recipient selection criteria and the identification of an appropriate immunosuppression regimen for xenograft recipients as these are currently substantial unknowns that require further investigation in order for xenotransplants to be integrated into standard clinical practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xenotransplantation: A New Era

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Organ allotransplantation has now reached an impassable ceiling inherent to the limited supply of human donor organs. In the United States, there are currently over 100,000 individuals on the national transplant waiting list awaiting a kidney, heart, and/or liver transplant. This is in contrast with only a fraction of them receiving a living or deceased donor allograft. Given the morbidity, mortality, costs, or absence of supportive treatments, xenotransplant has the potential to address the critical shortage in organ grafts. Last decade research efforts focused on creation of donor organs from pigs with various genes edited out using CRISPR technologies and utilizing non-human primates for trial. Three groups in the United States have recently moved forward with trials in human subjects and obtained initial successful results with pig-to-human heart and kidney xenotransplantation. This review serves as a brief discussion of the recent progress in xenotransplantation research, particularly as it concerns utilization of porcine heart, renal, and liver xenografts in clinical practice.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xenotransplantation: A New Era

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 20 More studies are needed to explore other avenues such as xenotransplantation and organoids, noting recent progress toward human trials as well as short-term success. 21 …”

Section: Reducing Demand For Health Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redesigning Kidney Care for the Anthropocene: A New Framework for Planetary Health in Nephrology

Rajan

Amin

Davis

et al. 2022

Can J Kidney Health Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Climate change is one of the greatest threats to human health in the 21st century. The human health impacts of climate change contribute to approximately 1 in 4 deaths worldwide. Health care itself is responsible for approximately 5% of annual global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Canada is a recent signatory of the 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) health agreement that is committed to developing low carbon and climate resilient health systems. Kidney care services have a substantial environmental impact and there is opportunity for the kidney care community to climate align clinical care. We introduce a framework of redesigned kidney care and describe examples of low carbon kidney disease management strategies to expand our duty of care to the environment which completes the triple bottom line of optimal patient outcomes and cost effectiveness in the Anthropocene.

show abstract

“…A model to further investigate pig-human xenotransplantation is needed. Recently, groups from New York University ( Montgomery et al, 2022 ) and University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB) ( Porrett et al, 2022 ) have both conducted pig-human xenotransplantation in brain-dead decedents using genetically modified pig kidneys. At NYU, a pig kidney with the knockout of a gene encoding α-Gal, a major antigen mediating hyperacute rejection response, was connected to the blood vessels from the upper leg and kept outside of the body.…”

Section: Xenotransplantation—immunocompatible Pig Kidneysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to kidney replacement therapies—opportunities and challenges

Huang

Zeng

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One out of seven people develop chronic kidney disease (CKD). When kidney function continues to decline, CKD patients may develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD, or kidney failure). More than 2 out of 1,000 adults develop ESRD and these patients must live on dialysis or get a kidney transplant to survive. Each year, more than $51 billion is spent to treat patients with ESRD in the United States. In addition, ESRD greatly reduces longevity and quality of life for patients. Compared to dialysis, kidney transplant offers the best chance of survival, but few donor organs are available. Thus, there is an urgent need for innovative solutions that address the shortage of kidneys available for transplantation. Here we summarize the status of current approaches that are being developed to solve the shortage of donor kidneys. These include the bioartificial kidney approach which aims to make a portable dialysis device, the recellularization approach which utilizes native kidney scaffold to make an engineered kidney, the stem cell-based approach which aims to generate a kidney de novo by recapitulating normal kidney organogenesis, the xenotransplantation approach which has the goal to make immunocompatible pig kidneys for transplantation, and the interspecies chimera approach which has potential to generate a human kidney in a host animal. We also discuss the interconnections among the different approaches, and the remaining challenges of translating these approaches into novel therapies.

show abstract

Results of Two Cases of Pig-to-Human Kidney Xenotransplantation

Cited by 232 publications

References 35 publications

Xenotransplantation: A New Era

Xenotransplantation: A New Era

Redesigning Kidney Care for the Anthropocene: A New Framework for Planetary Health in Nephrology

Approaches to kidney replacement therapies—opportunities and challenges

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About