Results of surgical treatment for thoracolumbar disc protrusion*

Knecht, Charles D.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1972.tb06872.x

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Our data support the consensus from previous studies indicating that presence or absence of CPP is the most important prognostic factor for functional recovery from SCI 5, 6, 12, 13, 14, 15. Indeed, we found that loss of CPP seems to be an indicator for poor recovery in dogs with L4‐S3 SCI (1/13 dogs recovered within 3 weeks, and 3/11 had a long‐term successful outcome).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prognostic Factors Associated with Recovery of Ambulation and Urinary Continence in Dogs with Acute Lumbosacral Spinal Cord Injury

Shaw

Risio

Laws

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundLimited information is available about prognostic factors for recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) to the L4‐S3 segments. Previous research suggests that L4‐S3 SCI does not have a worse prognosis than T3‐L3 SCI.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo elucidate prognostic factors for regaining urinary continence and ambulation in dogs with L4‐S3 SCI and compare prognosis to T3‐L3 SCI.Animals/MethodsA retrospective study on 61 nonambulatory dogs with L4‐S3 SCI, matched to dogs with T3‐L3 SCI, compared 3 weeks after onset. Prognostic factors explored using logistic regression and used for matching: nonchondrodystrophic dogs >15 kg versus dogs that were chondrodystrophic or <15 kg; compressive versus noncompressive lesions; presence versus absence of conscious pain perception (CPP); and lower vs upper motor neuron (LMN/UMN) incontinence.ResultsFewer L4‐S3 dogs regained continence compared to T3‐L3 dogs (64 vs 85%, P = .0033), but no difference existed for regaining ambulation (66 vs 75%, P = .1306). In L4‐S3 SCI dogs, fewer dogs regained continence with loss of CPP (P < .001), LMN incontinence (P = .004), and noncompressive lesions (P = .006). Negative prognostic factors for regaining ambulation included absent CPP (P < .001) and large nonchondrodystrophic breed (P = .022).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDogs with L4‐S3 SCI have a poorer short‐term prognosis than do dogs with T3‐L3 SCI. Dogs with L4‐S3 SCI had a poor prognosis with loss of CPP, or noncompressive lesions combined with LMN incontinence. Small‐breed or chondrodystrophic dogs with retained CPP, compressive lesions, and UMN incontinence had an excellent prognosis. These findings may help guide decision‐making in L4‐S3 SCI.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prognostic Factors Associated with Recovery of Ambulation and Urinary Continence in Dogs with Acute Lumbosacral Spinal Cord Injury

Shaw

Risio

Laws

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a study by Penning et al (2006), thoracic dysfunctions were most often observed in the Th13-L1 segment (34.3%), followed by the Th12-Th13 region (28.4%). Other authors reported the highest incidence of 5 displacements in the Th12-L2 region (Knecht 1972, Gage 1975, Brown et al 1977, Macias et al 2002. Pathological changes in this section of the spine are accompanied by severe clinical symptoms due to the low ratio of spinal cord area to spinal cord diameter but in the Th2-Th10 region, displacement in the cranial direction is rarely noted due to the presence of intercapital ligaments which support the spinal canal (Fig.…”

Section: Intervertebral Disc Degenerationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Pathological findings in low-field magnetic resonance imaging of the canine spine – a study of 112 patients

Holak

Głodek

Mieszkowska

et al. 2017

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a method of choice in diagnosing nervous system disorders. This paper presents the results of a study where selected segments of the canine spine were examined by low-field MRI in 112 patients. Images of pathological changes were obtained in spin echo (SE), fast spin echo (FSE) and hybrid contrast enhancement (3D HYCE) sequences. The cervical region of the spinal cord (C1-C5) was examined in 32 patients, the cervicothoracic region (C6-Th2)-in 14 patients, the thoracolumbar region (Th3-L3) -in 23 patients, and the lumbosacral region (L4-S3) -in 43 patients. The results were used to determine the incidence of pathological changes in different sections of the canine spine, such as intervertebral disc disease (IDD), disc desiccation, syringomyelia and changes characterized by higher uptake of the contrast medium. Intervertebral disc disease was diagnosed in 52.7% of patients and it was the most common abnormality. Disc dehydratation without protrusion or extrusion was noted in 23.2% of animals. Pathological changes with increased uptake of the contrast medium and indicative of neoplastic growth were observed in 13.4% of patients and syringomyelia was diagnosed in 9.82% of the examined animals. The proposed sequences revealed the presence of above abnormalities.

show abstract

“…In our hospital, IVDD accounts for approximately 200 cases each year. Surgical removal of extruded disc material is the most commonly recommended treatment for dogs with chronic or recurrent clinical signs, paraplegia, and/or severe back pain [7,19,31,34]. Rapid and accurate pre-operative localization of the extruded disc material is important for minimizing anesthesia-related hypotension and further reduction of spinal cord blood flow, minimizing the time required for surgical exposure, minimizing surgical manipulation injury of the spinal cord, and maximizing complete removal of disc fragments [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of multi-planar CT image reformatting on surgeon diagnostic performance for localizing thoracolumbar disc extrusions in dogs

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Accurate pre-operative localization and removal of disc material are important for minimizing morbidity in dogs with thoracolumbar disc extrusions. Computed tomography (CT) is an established technique for localizing disc extrusions in dogs, however the effect of multi-planar reformatting (MPR) on surgeon diagnostic performance has not been previously described. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of MPR CT on surgeon diagnostic accuracy, certainty and agreement for localizing thoracolumbar disc extrusions in dogs. Two veterinary surgeons and one veterinary neurologist who were unaware of surgical findings independently reviewed randomized sets of two-dimensional (2D) and MPR CT images from 111 dogs with confirmed thoracolumbar disc extrusions. For each set of images, readers recorded their localizations for extruded disc material and their diagnostic certainty. For MPR images, readers also recorded views they considered most helpful. Diagnostic accuracy estimates, mean diagnostic certainty scores and inter-observer agreement were compared using surgery as the gold standard. Frequencies were compared for MPR views rated most helpful. Diagnostic accuracy estimates were significantly greater for MPR vs. 2D CT images in one reader. Mean diagnostic certainty scores were significantly greater for MPR images in two readers. The change in agreement between 2D and MPR images differed from zero for all analyses (site, side, number affected) among all three readers. Multi-planar views rated most helpful with the highest frequency were oblique transverse and curved dorsal planar MPR views. Findings from this study indicate that multi-planar CT can improve surgeon diagnostic performance for localizing canine thoracolumbar disc extrusions.

show abstract

Results of surgical treatment for thoracolumbar disc protrusion*

Cited by 32 publications

References 1 publication

Prognostic Factors Associated with Recovery of Ambulation and Urinary Continence in Dogs with Acute Lumbosacral Spinal Cord Injury

Prognostic Factors Associated with Recovery of Ambulation and Urinary Continence in Dogs with Acute Lumbosacral Spinal Cord Injury

Pathological findings in low-field magnetic resonance imaging of the canine spine – a study of 112 patients

Effect of multi-planar CT image reformatting on surgeon diagnostic performance for localizing thoracolumbar disc extrusions in dogs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About