Results of studying the effects of biological products on accelerating the decomposition of the crop tailings

Pre-plant treatment of barley seeds with hot mist of biopreparations has some protective effect against harmful microflora, improves the absorption of nutrients from the soil, and increases the physiological activity. For pre-plant treatment of barley seeds of “Creshendo” variety, hot mist of the following biopreparations was used: Baktofit, Potassium humate, Fitosporin M, Innopraktika complex. The evaluation of the influence of the treatment was carried out according to the elements of the structure of the yield of plant samples and the physical-chemical indicators of grain samples from experimental plots. The statistical assessment showed good reliability (coefficient of variation was about 10). The number of productive stems per 1 m2 was increased by the hot mist treatment with Innopraktika complex by 54.1 % and Fitosporin M by 31.0 % in comparison with the samples from the control plot. The weight of 1,000 grains exceeded by 5.9 % in samples treated with Potassium humate and by 4.6 % with Fitosporin M. The highest biological yield was achieved when hot mist treatment with Innopraktika complex (50.822 dt/ha) and Fitosporin M (43.17 dt/ha). In terms of physical-chemical indicators, the best values were obtained when treated with Fitosporin M and Potassium humate in comparison with control samples: an increase in the mass fraction of starch in grain was by 10.8 % and 5.1 %, respectively; crude protein increased by 5.4 % and 6.9 %; an increase in the exchange energy in both cases was by 0.8 %. The best effect of pre-plant treatment of barley seeds of “Creshendo” variety is achieved with the use of hot mist of biopreparations Fitosporin M and Innopraktika complex.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of pre-plant treatment with hot mist of biopreparations on the quality of spring barley yield

Beznosyuk

Goryachkina

Drozhzhin³

et al. 2022

“…However, it should be considered that the properties of suspensions of nanoparticles depend on the surface area, the production method, the size and chemical properties of nanoparticles themselves. Many characteristics of nanoparticles were studied [5][6][7] and it was shown that nanoparticles with a diameter of 35-80 nm exhibited physiological activity, which suggested their use for stimulating a growing organism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reasons for different environmental effects of technogenic nanoparticles

Polischuk

Churilov

et al. 2022

Nanoparticles (NPs) of zinc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, iron sized 20-90 nm at concentrations of 0.1-100 g of nanoparticles per ton of seeds were studied. The objects of environmental monitoring were bacterial populations and the family of earthworms (Lumbricina). The toxic effect of nanoparticles under natural conditions depended both on physical-chemical properties of NPs and the type of soil, and on the size, concentration of NPs, and pH of nanoparticle suspensions. When measuring the zeta potential of NPs in aqueous solutions, a decrease in pH of the suspensions due to their composition and size was recorded. There was a direct correlation between the energy produced in cells, which was necessary for the development of living systems, and the increase in the number of protons under the influence of nanoparticles. At NPs sizes less than 20 nm, nanoparticles were much more reactive. They exhibited high biological activity and were safe only at very low concentrations. At concentrations above 10 g/t, they inhibited the growth and development of plants and reduced the survival of microorganisms. It was noted that the ecological effect of NPs oxides was different from the behavior of metal NPs. They accumulated in a living organism, exhibited toxic properties, and were transported along trophic chains, which was not typical for metal nanoparticles. It should be noted that zinc oxide was more soluble than titanium dioxide and had a low aggregation value. Thus, such characteristics as solubility and the ability to aggregate in solutions are important for the environmental safety of NPs.

Use of straw in organic farming

Bogdanchikov

Бышов

Bachurin

et al. 2021

The article describes the results of a study on the use of crop residues (straw) as a fertilizer in the organic farming system. The studies were carried out in two farms of Ryazan region and consisted in disposing of crop residues as a fertilizer using a special machine. It is a device for utilizing the non-grain part of the crop as a fertilizer and using the standard technology with the addition of biological products with the help of a sprayer. The design of the developed machine allows selection and grinding of the plant material with its simultaneous treatment with a working solution of biopreparations or stubble destructors. Recycled plant residues were treated with various biopreparations: Agrinos-1 1.2-2 l/ha, Sternifag SP 80 g/ha, Ecorost 0.4 l/ha and Biocomplex BTU 1 l/ha. As a control, the straw was crushed and embedded in the upper soil layers without treatment with biopreparations. From the moment of disposal of crop residues and until the beginning of spring barley sowing in April 2019, the activity of cellulose-degrading bacteria in the soil was recorded (using the linen method). Content of the main micro and macro elements was established by a comprehensive chemical analysis. Before harvesting in August 2019, biological productivity was recorded (it was 15.2% higher on variants using biopreparations for stubble destruction) and the quality was assessed by the protein content in the grain.