Restriction Factors: From Intrinsic Viral Restriction to Shaping Cellular Immunity Against HIV-1

Colomer-Lluch, Marta; Ruiz, Alba; Moris, Arnaud; Prado, Julia G.

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02876

Cited by 127 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 264 publications

(296 reference statements)

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“…Several DEGs may act as restriction factors, thus playing a role in HIV-1 replication inhibition in anti-CCL2 Ab-treated MDMs. Restriction factors are structurally and functionally diverse cellular proteins that are part of the innate response and may target HIV-1 replication at essentially each step of the replication cycle (50,51). Interestingly, the expression of some of these genes inversely correlated with viral transcripts levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Profiling of Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Upon CCL2 Neutralization Reveals an Association Between Activation of Innate Immune Pathways and Restriction of HIV-1 Gene Expression

et al. 2020

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Macrophages are key targets of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and main producers of the proinflammatory chemokine CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), whose expression is induced by HIV-1 both in vitro and in vivo. We previously found that CCL2 neutralization in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) strongly inhibited HIV-1 replication affecting post-entry steps of the viral life cycle. Here, we used RNAsequencing to deeply characterize the cellular factors and pathways modulated by CCL2 blocking in MDMs and involved in HIV-1 replication restriction. We report that exposure to CCL2 neutralizing antibody profoundly affected the MDM transcriptome. Functional annotation clustering of up-regulated genes identified two clusters enriched for antiviral defense and immune response pathways, comprising several interferonstimulated, and restriction factor coding genes. Transcripts in the clusters were enriched for RELA and NFKB1 targets, suggesting the activation of the canonical nuclear factor κB pathway as part of a regulatory network involving miR-155 up-regulation. Furthermore, while HIV-1 infection caused small changes to the MDM transcriptome, with no evidence of host defense gene expression and type I interferon signature, CCL2 blocking enabled the activation of a strong host innate response in infected macrophage cultures, and potently inhibited viral genes expression. Notably, an inverse correlation was found between levels of viral transcripts and of the restriction factors APOBEC3A (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3 A),

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Profiling of Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Upon CCL2 Neutralization Reveals an Association Between Activation of Innate Immune Pathways and Restriction of HIV-1 Gene Expression

et al. 2020

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“…Take HSV-1 as the example, its tegument protein kinase US3 could reduce TLR3 expression to dampen TLR3-mediated antiviral response (Peri et al 2008); its tegument protein UL36 could block IFN-beta production via deubiquitinating TRAF3 (a crucial component of the RLR-mediated pathway) (Wang et al 2013); and by somewhat unknown mechanism HSV-1 infection could affect the stability and functionality of STING, an important adaptor for type I IFN induction by cytosolic DNA (Kalamvoki and Roizman 2014). Antiviral restriction factors, such as APOBEC3G, SAMHD1, Tetherin/BST-2 and TRIM5a are important components of the first line of host defense (reviewed in Kluge et al 2015;Colomer-Lluch et al 2018). Generally, they are interferon-inducible proteins that block viral replication and propagation.…”

Section: Technical Obstacles Impose Challenges For Constructing Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host receptors: the key to establishing cells with broad viral tropism for vaccine production

Dai

Zhang

Ostrikov

et al. 2020

Critical Reviews in Microbiology

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Cell culture-based vaccine technology is a flexible and convenient approach for vaccine production that requires adaptation of the vaccine strains to the new cells. Driven by the motivation to develop a broadly permissive cell line for infection with a wide range of viruses, we identified a set of the most relevant host receptors involved in viral attachment and entry. This identification was done through a review of different viral entry pathways and host cell lines, and in the context of the Baltimore classification of viruses. In addition, we indicated the potential technical problems and proposed some solutions regarding how to modify the host cell genome in order to meet industrial requirements for mass production of antiviral vaccines. Our work contributes to a finer understanding of the importance of breaking the host-virus recognition specificities for the possibility of creating a cell line feasible for the production of vaccines against a broad spectrum of viruses. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Several host restriction factors able to interfere with multiple stages of the viral life cycle have been identified in humans and animals [ 11 ]. Our study investigated the expression of four host restriction factors in koalas harbouring endogenous KoRV: BST2, ISG15, RSAD2 and TRIM1.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Koalas vaccinated against Koala retrovirus respond by producing increased levels of interferon-gamma

Olagoke

Chaban

2020

Virol J

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Koala retrovirus (KoRV) is believed to be in an active state of endogenization into the koala genome. KoRV is present as both an endogenous and exogenous infection in all koalas in northern Australia. KoRV has been linked to koala pathologies including neoplasia and increased susceptibility to Chlamydia. A KoRV vaccine recently trialled in 10 northern koalas improved antibody response and reduced viral load. This communication reports the expression of key immune genes underlining the innate and adaptive immune response to vaccination in these northern koalas. The results showed that prior to vaccination, IL-8 was expressed at the highest levels, with at least 200-fold greater expression compared to other cytokines, while CD8 mRNA expression was significantly higher than CD4 mRNA expression level. Interferon-γ was up-regulated at both 4- and 8-weeks post-vaccination while IL-8 was down-regulated at 8-weeks post-vaccination.

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Restriction Factors: From Intrinsic Viral Restriction to Shaping Cellular Immunity Against HIV-1

Cited by 127 publications

References 264 publications

Transcriptome Profiling of Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Upon CCL2 Neutralization Reveals an Association Between Activation of Innate Immune Pathways and Restriction of HIV-1 Gene Expression

Transcriptome Profiling of Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Upon CCL2 Neutralization Reveals an Association Between Activation of Innate Immune Pathways and Restriction of HIV-1 Gene Expression

Host receptors: the key to establishing cells with broad viral tropism for vaccine production

Koalas vaccinated against Koala retrovirus respond by producing increased levels of interferon-gamma

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