Restriction Enzyme Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA of Acanthamoeba Strains in Japan

Yagita, Kenji; Endo, Tokiko

doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1990.tb01267.x

Cited by 53 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Extraction of mtDNA mtDNA of Acanthamoeba was extracted using phenol and phenol/chloroform (1:1) and recovered by precipitation with cold absolute ethanol in the presence of sodium acetate (Yagita and Endo, 1990). The DNA was stored at -20°C until used as template DNA for PCR reactions.…”

Section: Acanthamoebamentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationships among Acanthamoeba spp. based on PCR-RFLP analyses of mitochondrial small subunit rRNA gene

Hwang

Kim

et al. 1999

Korean J Parasitol

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Section: Acanthamoebamentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationships among Acanthamoeba spp. based on PCR-RFLP analyses of mitochondrial small subunit rRNA gene

Hwang

Kim

et al. 1999

Korean J Parasitol

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“…Consequently, little is known about the genetic relationships between pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of Acanthamoeba. Several studies report on the analysis of mitochondria1 DNA (mtDNA) variation in members of the genus Acanthamoeba as an aid in taxonomy [21,[24][25][26]711. This method has proved to be a useful approach to studying evolutionary relationships among closely related organisms [ 72, 731.…”

Section: Identification Of Acanthamoebamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identification of the free-living amoebae is not wellresolved, although a precise distinction between the pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains would be the only reasonable and acceptable base for differential diagnosis and specific treatment in the case of visionthreatening or sometimes lethal human diseases [3,5,6,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Morphological criteria are inadequate for the distinction of pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains [5,6,20,231.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morphological criteria are inadequate for the distinction of pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains [5,6,20,231. Differences in antigenic determinants have been found between pathogenic and non-pathogenic Naegleria strains [7,201, while determination of the iso-enzyme profile by iso-electric focusing and analysis of mitochondria1 or whole-cell DNA profiles also seem to be promising [5,6,21,22,[24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation, Identification and Increasing Importance of 'Free-Living' Amoebae Causing Human Disease

Szénási

Endo

Yagita

et al. 1998

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Amphizoic small amoebic protozoa are capable of existing both in 'free-living' and in 'parasitic' form depending on the actual conditions. Two genera (Naegleria and Acanthamoeba) have become recognised as opportunist human parasites. Since the first description in 1965 of a lethal case of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) caused by Naegleria, many more (mostly lethal) cases have been reported, while granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE), as well as eye (keratinitis, conjunctivitis, etc.), ear, nose, skin and internal organ infections caused by Acanthamoeba have also occurred in rapidly increasing numbers. Both pathogenic and non-pathogenic species of Naegleria and Acanthamoeba are found worldwide in water, soil and dust, where they provide a potential source of infection. Successful differential diagnosis and appropriate (specific) therapy depends on precise laboratory identification of the 'free-living' amoebae. In most cases, isolation from the environment can be achieved, but identification and differentiation of the pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains is not easy. The methods presently available do not fulfil completely the requirements for specificity, sensitivity and reliability. Morphological criteria are inadequate, while thermophilic character, pH dependency and even virulence in infected mice, are not unambiguous features of pathogenicity of the different strains. More promising are molecular methods, such as restriction endonuclease digestion of whole-cell DNA or mitochondria1 DNA, as well as iso-enzyme profile analysis after iso-electric focusing and staining for acid phosphatase and propionyl esterase activity. Use of appropriate monoclonal antibodies has also yielded promising results in the differentiation of human pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains. However, quicker, simpler, more specific and reliable methods are still highly desirable. The significance of endosymbiosis (especially with Legionella strains) is not well understood. The results of a systematic survey in Hungary for the isolation and identification of 'free-living' amoebae, including an investigation of the Hungarian amoebic fauna, the isolation of possibly pathogenic Naegleria strains and of some Acanthamoeba strains from eye diseases, as well as the finding of a case of endosymbiosis, are also reported here.

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“…Among the molecular approaches that have been employed to discriminate species within the genus are isoenzyme patterns (8,10), restriction analysis of mitochondrial DNA (7,11), whole-cell DNA (12) or ribosomal DNA small subunit (SSU rDNA) (13). Based on SSU rDNA sequences, at least 12 different sequence types (T1-T12) were detected (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random amplified polymorphic DNA profiles as a tool for the characterization of Brazilian keratitis isolates of the genus Acanthamoeba

Alves

Gusmao

Teixeira

et al. 2000

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The genus Acanthamoeba comprises free-living amebae identified as opportunistic pathogens of humans and other animal species. Morphological, biochemical and molecular approaches have shown wide genetic diversity within the genus. In an attempt to determine the genetic relatedness among isolates of Acanthamoeba we analyzed randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles of 11 Brazilian isolates from cases of human keratitis and 8 American type culture collection (ATCC) reference strains. We found that ATCC strains belonging to the same species present polymorphic RAPD profiles whereas strains of different species show very similar profiles. Although most Brazilian isolates could not be assigned with certainty to any of the reference species, they could be clustered according to pattern similarities. The results show that RAPD analysis is a useful tool for the rapid characterization of new isolates and the assessment of genetic relatedness of Acanthamoeba spp. A comparison between RAPD analyses and morphological characteristics of cyst stages is also discussed.

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Restriction Enzyme Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA of Acanthamoeba Strains in Japan

Cited by 53 publications

References 21 publications

Phylogenetic relationships among Acanthamoeba spp. based on PCR-RFLP analyses of mitochondrial small subunit rRNA gene

Phylogenetic relationships among Acanthamoeba spp. based on PCR-RFLP analyses of mitochondrial small subunit rRNA gene

Isolation, Identification and Increasing Importance of 'Free-Living' Amoebae Causing Human Disease

Random amplified polymorphic DNA profiles as a tool for the characterization of Brazilian keratitis isolates of the genus Acanthamoeba

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