Restricted feeding uncouples circadian oscillators in peripheral tissues from the central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus

Abstract

In mammals, most physiology and behavior are subject to well-controlled daily oscillations. Thus, sleep-wake cycles, heartbeat frequency, blood pressure, body temperature, renal activity, liver metabolism, and the secretion of many hormones are controlled by an endogenous time measuring system called the circadian clock (Portaluppi et

The role of clock genes and rhythmicity in the liver

“…Restricted feeding can induce changes in the phase of circadian gene expression of the liver and other peripheral organs without affecting the phase of the rhythms in the SCN, hence uncoupling peripheral clocks from the central clock (Damiola et al, 2000;Stokkan et al, 2001). Interestingly, the liver responds more rapidly to changes in the feeding pattern than the kidney, the pancreas or the heart (Damiola et al, 2000).…”

“…Restricted feeding can induce changes in the phase of circadian gene expression of the liver and other peripheral organs without affecting the phase of the rhythms in the SCN, hence uncoupling peripheral clocks from the central clock (Damiola et al, 2000;Stokkan et al, 2001). Interestingly, the liver responds more rapidly to changes in the feeding pattern than the kidney, the pancreas or the heart (Damiola et al, 2000). Regarding the importance of the liver for metabolism and food processing, this rapid adaptation of the liver oscillator to the feeding pattern and by consequence phase adjustment of various processes to the availability of food may be crucial for the well being of an organism.…”

“…Feeding that is restricted to the rest phase of an animal was shown to be associated with large temperature depressions during the active phase (Damiola et al, 2000). Furthermore, glucocorticoids may act as negative players in food resetting mechanisms (Le Minh et al, 2001).…”

A Time to Fast, a Time to Feast: The Crosstalk between Metabolism and the Circadian Clock

“…Mice or rats that are subjected to a restricted feeding (RF) schedule, wherein food is only given for some hours during their normal sleeping time, show a complete uncoupling of peripheral clocks from the master pacemaker in the SCN: while clock gene expression in peripheral organs is entrained by the feeding schedule, the SCN retains its synchrony with the external light/dark cycle (Damiola et al, 2000). It remains unclear how the food-induced entrainment of peripheral clocks functions at the molecular level.…”

Horloges circadiennes et métabolisme : intégration des signaux métaboliques et environnementaux

“…En effet, une prise de nourriture à un temps circadien inapproprié, c'est-à-dire durant la période de sommeil, entraîne un dérèglement des horloges périphériques sans modification de l'horloge centrale, et favoriserait ainsi la survenue de l'obésité et de la résistance à l'insuline [6]. L'administration d'un régime riche en graisses (high fat diet, HFD) entraîne lui aussi un dérèglement des horloges centrale et périphériques, et on observe un décalage de la prise de nourriture vers la période de sommeil [7].…”