Restraint stress induced anxiety and sleep in mice

Xu, Yaping; Li, Guoying; Ji, Zhang-Zhang; Li, Yue-Yun; Wang, Yanli; Wu, Xinyuan; Liu, Junlin; Ma, Dan-Xia; Zhong, Ming-Kui; Gao, Chaobing; Xu, Qi

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1090420

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The results revealed that mice subjected to Evans-blue-fed restraint stress treatment exhibited anxiety-related behavior, providing evidence of psychological stress’s contribution to this model ( Figure 1 ). These findings are consistent with numerous previous reports that have identified psychological stress as one of the major factors associated with restraint stress animal models [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 16 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. Additionally, as psychological-stress-induced immunosuppression is rarely discussed, this model is suitable to address this question.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Restraint Stress-Induced Immunosuppression Is Associated with Concurrent Macrophage Pyroptosis Cell Death in Mice

Li,

Munalisa,

Lee

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Psychological stress is widely acknowledged as a major contributor to immunosuppression, rendering individuals more susceptible to various diseases. The complex interplay between the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems underlies stress-induced immunosuppression. However, the underlying mechanisms of psychological-stress-induced immunosuppression remain unclear. In this study, we utilized a restraint stress mouse model known for its suitability in investigating physiological regulations during psychological stress. Comparing it with cold exposure, we observed markedly elevated levels of stress hormones corticosterone and cortisol in the plasma of mice subjected to restraint stress. Furthermore, restraint-stress-induced immunosuppression differed from the intravenous immunoglobulin-like immunosuppression observed in cold exposure, with restraint stress leading to increased macrophage cell death in the spleen. Suppression of pyroptosis through treatments of inflammasome inhibitors markedly ameliorated restraint-stress-induced spleen infiltration and pyroptosis cell death of macrophages in mice. These findings suggest that the macrophage pyroptosis associated with restraint stress may contribute to its immunosuppressive effects. These insights have implications for the development of treatments targeting stress-induced immunosuppression, emphasizing the need for further investigation into the underlying mechanisms.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Restraint Stress-Induced Immunosuppression Is Associated with Concurrent Macrophage Pyroptosis Cell Death in Mice

Li,

Munalisa,

Lee

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Some articles have studied the effects of short-term (<2 weeks) restraint stress on sleep in mice, but no long-term studies. ( Meerlo et al, 2001 ; Koehl et al, 2006 ; Tang et al, 2007 ; Xu et al, 2023 ). In the present study, we built a mouse model by CRS 10 h each day for 28 days mimicking chronic stress, long-term stress-associated sleep structure, and disrupted circadian rhythm in patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin-related dysfunction in chronic restraint stress triggers sleep disorders in mice

et al. 2023

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Stress may trigger sleep disorders and are also risk factors for depression. The study explored the melatonin-related mechanisms of stress-associated sleep disorders on a mouse model of chronic stress by exploring the alteration in sleep architecture, melatonin, and related small molecule levels, transcription and expression of melatonin-related genes as well as proteins. Mice undergoing chronic restraint stress modeling for 28 days showed body weight loss and reduced locomotor activity. Sleep fragmentation, circadian rhythm disorders, and insomnia exhibited in CRS-treated mice formed sleep disorders. Tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels were increased in the hypothalamus, while melatonin level was decreased. The transcription and expression of melatonin receptors were reduced, and circadian rhythm related genes were altered. Expression of downstream effectors to melatonin receptors was also affected. These results identified sleep disorders in a mice model of chronic stress. The alteration of melatonin-related pathways was shown to trigger sleep disorders.

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“…CRS has already been used to simulate psychological stress with anxiety- [27] and depression-like behaviors [28] . In the present study, 12 weeks of restraint stress increased the levels of plasma corticosterone, a stress hormone, in HFD-fed mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restraint stress promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating the farnesoid X receptor/NLRP3 signaling pathway

Yang,

Lv,

Lin

et al. 2023

ABBS

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Psychological stress promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development. However, the pathogenesis of psychological stress-induced NASH remains unclear. This study aims to explore the underlying mechanism of restraint stress-induced NASH, which mimics psychological stress, and to discover potential NASH candidates. Methionine choline deficient diet- and high fat diet-induced hepatosteatotic mice are subjected to restraint stress to induce NASH. The mice are administrated with Xiaoyaosan granules, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inhibitors, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonists, or macrophage scavengers. Pathological changes and NLRP3 signaling in the liver are determined. These results demonstrate that restraint stress promotes hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in hepatosteatotic mice. Restraint stress increases the expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1, Gasdermin D, interleukin-1β, cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase, and sterol 12α-hydroxylase and decreases the expression of FXR in NASH mice. Xiaoyaosan granules reverse hepatic inflammation and fibrosis and target FXR and NLRP3 signals. In addition, inhibition of NLRP3 reduces the NLRP3 inflammasome and liver damage in mice with restraint stress-induced NASH. Elimination of macrophages and activation of FXR also attenuate inflammation and fibrosis by inhibiting NLRP3 signaling. However, NLRP3 inhibitors or macrophage scavengers fail to affect the expression of FXR. In conclusion, restraint stress promotes NASH-related inflammation and fibrosis by regulating the FXR/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Xiaoyaosan granules, NLRP3 inhibitors, FXR agonists, and macrophage scavengers are potential candidates for the treatment of psychological stress-related NASH.

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Restraint stress induced anxiety and sleep in mice

Cited by 6 publications

References 74 publications

Restraint Stress-Induced Immunosuppression Is Associated with Concurrent Macrophage Pyroptosis Cell Death in Mice

Restraint Stress-Induced Immunosuppression Is Associated with Concurrent Macrophage Pyroptosis Cell Death in Mice

Melatonin-related dysfunction in chronic restraint stress triggers sleep disorders in mice

Restraint stress promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating the farnesoid X receptor/NLRP3 signaling pathway

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