Restraint of Particle Breakage by Biotreatment Method

Xiao, Yang; Hui, Chen; Stuedlein, Armin W.; Evans, T. Matthew; Chu, Jian; Cheng, Liang; Jiang, Ning‐Jun; Lin, Hai; Liu, Hanlong; Aboel-Naga, H. M.

doi:10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002384

Cited by 123 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The characterization of MICP at multi‐scales ((a) SEM images of precipitation (Xu et al, 2020); (b) AFM peak‐force error images of substrates with bacteria cell adhesion (Shashank et al, 2020); (c) the particle‐scale behaviour of calcite precipitation from a microfluidic chip (Wang et al, 2019a); (d) the XRD patterns of CaCO 3 crystals (Wen et al, 2020); (e) shear response of bio‐cemented sand by undrained triaxial test (Nafisi et al, 2019); (f) the unconfined compress (UCS) test (Fang et al, 2020); (g) one‐dimensional compression test (Xiao, Chen, et al, 2020a); (h) predicted volume fractions of final calcite by numerical modelling (Hommel et al, 2020); (i) seismic shear‐wave data of 100‐m 3 large‐scale bio‐grouting test (Van Paassen et al, 2010a; Van Paassen et al, 2010b); (j) dynamic cone penetration (DCP) data of field‐scale test measuring 2.4 m × 4.9 m on loose sand (Gomez et al, 2015); (k) Five‐Spot treatment model (Dejong et al, 2014))…”

Section: Characterization Of Micp Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐mediated soil improvement: An introspection into processes, materials, characterization and applications

Jiang

Wang

Chu

et al. 2021

Soil Use and Management

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For a long time in the practice of geotechnical engineering, soil has been viewed as an inert material, comprising only inorganic phases. However, microorganisms including bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes are ubiquitous in soil and have the capacity and capability to alter bio‐geochemical processes in the local soil environment. The cumulative changes could consequently modify the physical, mechanical, conductive and chemical properties of the bulk soil matrix. In recent years, the topic of bio‐mediated geotechnics has gained momentum in the scientific literature. It involves the manipulation of various bio‐geochemical soil processes to improve soil engineering performance. In particular, the process of microbial‐induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) has received the most attention for its superior performance for soil improvement. The present work aims to shape a comprehensive understanding of recent developments in bio‐mediated geotechnics, with a focus on MICP. Referring to around one hundred studies published over the past five years, this review focuses on popular and alternative MICP processes, innovative raw materials and additives for MICP, emerging tools and testing methodologies for characterizing MICP at multi‐scale, and applications in emerging and/or unconventional geotechnical fields.

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Section: Characterization Of Micp Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐mediated soil improvement: An introspection into processes, materials, characterization and applications

Jiang

Wang

Chu

et al. 2021

Soil Use and Management

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“…However, the grain crushing of sand is reduced due to the presence of calcite crystals and the improvement of bond strength after MICP treatment. The calcite precipitation aid to restrain grain breakage through the following mechanisms: 1) Calcite formation along the sand grain surface increases the effective diameter of the particle, hence requires higher energy to break or crush the grain during loading; 2) The bonded calcite crystals between adjacent sand grains, debonded during loading and dissipates the energy which might cleave the grains in the absence of cementation; and 3) The debonded calcite crystals remains in the pore spaces and decreases the particle contact force magnitudes through the effective distribution of force chains by cushioning effect (Xiao et al., 2020). Thus, the failure mode observation reveals bulging in the untreated sand sample (Figure 13(d)), and due to the restrain in grain breakage, the biocemented sands fail in shear (Figure 13(e)).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid bacteria mediated cemented sand: Microcharacterization, permeability, strength, shear wave velocity, stress-strain, and durability

Sharma

Satyam

Reddy

2021

International Journal of Damage Mechanics

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Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP), a sustainable approach for sand biocementation, was investigated in previous studies based on metabolic activity of individual microorganisms. The individual bacteria, specifically Sporosarcina pasteurii (SP), Bacillus subtilis (BS), and Lysinibacillus sphaericus (LS), were found capable enough for sand biocementation. However, present study investigates synergistic effects of using bacterial-hybrids on cementation and consequent improvement in sand properties. The SP, BS, and LS strains were used in different combinations to create bacterial-hybrids and applied under simulated non-sterile field conditions. Initially, sand biotreatment was carried out in plastic tubes up to 14 days, using bacterial mixtures and 0.5 M cementation solution. Biocemented specimens were tested for calcite precipitation, XRD, FTIR, and SEM. The SP and LS combination (SPLS hybrid) showed maximum calcite precipitation, which is further used for biotreatment to create cylindrical sand samples for testing improved engineering properties. These samples were prepared using 0.5 M cementation solution in three pore volumes (1, 0.75, and 0.5 PV) and treatment cycles (12, 24, and 48 hrs TC) up to 18 days. Biocemented samples were tested for permeability (6th, 12th, and 18th days of biotreatment), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), split tensile strength (STS), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), and consolidated undrained stress-strain response. Durability of biocementation was also investigated by determining reduction in strength and UPV subjected to freeze-thaw (FT) cycles (5, 10, 15, and 20). The results showed maximum UCS of 1902 kPa, STS of 356 kPa, UPV of 2408 m/s, and coefficient of permeability reduction up to 91%. The higher results were achieved with 11.11% calcite content in 1PV-12TC treated samples. The 1PV-12TC treated samples resulted in 4.2%, 8.3%, 17%, and 35% reduction of strength after 5, 10, 15, and 20 FT cycles, respectively. Overall, biocementation using hybrid bacteria is shown significant to improve sand's engineering properties, including potential to mitigate liquefaction.

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“…Moreover, the development of strength through biotreatment was largely relevant to the increase in cohesion due to biocementation. Later, a study [13] investigated the particle breakage and the compressibility behavior of MICP-treated sands using oedometric compression tests. e acid washing technique was used to obtain the calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) content and facilitated the quantification of particle breakage by measuring the particle size distribution (PSD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sandy Soil Improvement Using MICP‐Based Urease Enzymatic Acceleration Method Monitored by Real‐Time System

Iamchaturapatr

Piriyakul

Ketklin

et al. 2021

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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This paper aims at monitoring the improvement of sandy soil properties with biocementation through the microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) method with reaction accelerations by self-developed soybean urease enzymes. In this study, the concentration of calcium ions (Ca2+ ions as CaCl2) is varied at 50, 100, 250, and 500 mM to determine an optimum shear strength. The self-developed soybean urease enzymes of 20% by volume (v/v) are used to accelerate the MICP reaction to finish within 7 days. Based on real-time monitoring bender element system and direct shear tests, the optimum Ca2+ concentration is found as 250 mM. However, a detrimental effect occurs in case of high concentration of Ca2+ as CaCl2 (500 mM) because of solution acidification from high Cl− concentration. This condition lowers CaCO3 precipitation causing the reduction of biocementation process. At equivalent shear modulus, the biocementation time of MICP-based sand with acceleration by urease enzymes is about 10 times faster than that without. Using spectrophotometer and pH meter, the ammonification rate and the solution pH of biocemented sand with acceleration by urease enzymes for 3 days are found relatively higher than those without urease enzymes for 40 days. The analyses by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirm not only the occurrence of CaCO3 binding sand particles together but also the improvement of physical strengths of sandy soil samples with the MICP-based urease enzymatic acceleration method. These results introduce an option to accelerate biocemented sandy soil improvement.

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Restraint of Particle Breakage by Biotreatment Method

Cited by 123 publications

References 92 publications

Bio‐mediated soil improvement: An introspection into processes, materials, characterization and applications

Bio‐mediated soil improvement: An introspection into processes, materials, characterization and applications

Hybrid bacteria mediated cemented sand: Microcharacterization, permeability, strength, shear wave velocity, stress-strain, and durability

Sandy Soil Improvement Using MICP‐Based Urease Enzymatic Acceleration Method Monitored by Real‐Time System

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