Restoring longleaf pine forest ecosystems in the southern U.S.

Brockway, Dale G.; Outcalt, Kenneth W.; Tomczak, Donald J.; Johnson, Everett E.

doi:10.1201/9780203497784.ch32

Cited by 29 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This ecosystem historically occupied over 30 million ha in the southeastern USA (Brockway et al 2005, Van Lear et al 2005, but today, approximately 1.2 million ha of longleaf pine savannas remain in isolated patches (Van Lear et al 2005). This reduction is primarily due to land use change (e.g., conversion to agriculture and establishment of intensively-managed pine plantations where the primary goal is timber production).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eastern wild turkey nest site selection in two frequently burned pine savannas

et al. 2016

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Introduction: Reproductive success is a critical factor affecting avian demographics and can be influenced by many factors including nesting chronology, predation risk, and fine-scale nest site selection. Methods:We modeled the relative influences of habitat-related covariates at six spatial scales (nest site: 15-, 40-, 80-, 120-, 160-, and 200-m radii) on Eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) nest site selection in two pine savannas managed by frequent prescribed fire (≤3 years) in southwestern Georgia during 2011-2013.Results: Nest site (15-m scale) habitat metrics (mean visual obstruction [cm] and canopy closure [%]) had the greatest influence on nest site selection relative to covariates measured at larger spatial scales. Scaled odds ratios suggested that nests were 26.8 % more likely to occur for every 10 cm increase in mean vegetation height with a range of 7.5 to 150.0 cm and 18.5 % less likely to occur for every 10 % increase in canopy closure with a range from 0.0 to 97.8 %. Total ground cover, canopy closure, edge density, and percent land cover type (e.g., mature pine, mixed pine/hardwood, shrub/scrub) had minimal influence on nest site selection.Conclusions: Management of pine savannas for turkey nest sites should focus on creating early-successional vegetation to conceal nests from potential predators. Additionally, we suggest that future studies consider evaluating the influence of spatial scale on turkey nest site selection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eastern wild turkey nest site selection in two frequently burned pine savannas

et al. 2016

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“…Management here aims to shift composition away from tree species with low fire tolerance, mid-story hardwoods, and shrubs that have increased since fire suppression (Brockway et al 2005). Because mechanical treatment prescriptions can be very selective about what species are removed or retained, these treatments have a greater potential to achieve management goals than burning treatments.…”

Section: Trees and Saplingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The national Fire and Fire Surrogate study: effects of fuel reduction methods on forest vegetation structure and fuels

Schwilk

Keeley

Knapp

et al. 2009

Ecological Applications

235

172

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Abstract. Changes in vegetation and fuels were evaluated from measurements taken before and after fuel reduction treatments (prescribed fire, mechanical treatments, and the combination of the two) at 12 Fire and Fire Surrogate (FFS) sites located in forests with a surface fire regime across the conterminous United States. To test the relative effectiveness of fuel reduction treatments and their effect on ecological parameters we used an informationtheoretic approach on a suite of 12 variables representing the overstory (basal area and live tree, sapling, and snag density), the understory (seedling density, shrub cover, and native and alien herbaceous species richness), and the most relevant fuel parameters for wildfire damage (height to live crown, total fuel bed mass, forest floor mass, and woody fuel mass).In the short term (one year after treatment), mechanical treatments were more effective at reducing overstory tree density and basal area and at increasing quadratic mean tree diameter. Prescribed fire treatments were more effective at creating snags, killing seedlings, elevating height to live crown, and reducing surface woody fuels. Overall, the response to fuel reduction treatments of the ecological variables presented in this paper was generally maximized by the combined mechanical plus burning treatment. If the management goal is to quickly produce stands with fewer and larger diameter trees, less surface fuel mass, and greater herbaceous species richness, the combined treatment gave the most desirable results. However, because mechanical plus burning treatments also favored alien species invasion at some sites, monitoring and control need to be part of the prescription when using this treatment.

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“…Dryer areas, including those with upland vegetation, only require clearing. Restoration ecology of upland forests, particularly longleaf pine, has also received considerable attention by conservation groups and local organizations [80]. Theobald [81] modeled landscape dynamics for the conterminous U.S. using a proportion cover approach and estimated that in 1992 2.6 million km 2 , or 1/3 of the U.S. was human-dominated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projecting Land-Use and Land Cover Change in a Subtropical Urban Watershed

2018

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Urban landscapes are heterogeneous mosaics that develop via significant land-use and land cover (LULC) change. Current LULC models project future landscape patterns, but generally avoid urban landscapes due to heterogeneity. To project LULC change for an urban landscape, we parameterize an established LULC model (Dyna-CLUE) under baseline conditions (continued current trends) for a sub-tropical urban watershed in Tampa, FL. Change was modeled for 2012-2016 with observed data from 1995-2011. An ecosystem services-centric classification was used to define 9 LULC classes. Dyna-CLUE projects change using two modules: non-spatial quantity and spatial reallocation. The data-intensive spatial module requires a binomial logistic regression of socioecological driving factors, maps of restricted areas, and conversion settings, which control the sensitivity of class-to-class conversions. Observed quantity trends showed a decrease in area for agriculture, rangeland and upland forests by 49%, 56% and 27% respectively with a 22% increase in residential and 8% increase in built areas, primarily during 1995-2004. The spatial module projected future change to occur mostly in the relatively rural northeastern section of the watershed. Receiver-operating characteristic curves to evaluate driving factors averaged an area of 0.73 across classes. The manipulation of these baseline trends as constrained scenarios will not only enable urban planners to project future patterns under many ecological, economic and sociological conditions, but also examine changes in urban ecosystem services.

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Restoring longleaf pine forest ecosystems in the southern U.S.

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Eastern wild turkey nest site selection in two frequently burned pine savannas

Eastern wild turkey nest site selection in two frequently burned pine savannas

The national Fire and Fire Surrogate study: effects of fuel reduction methods on forest vegetation structure and fuels

Projecting Land-Use and Land Cover Change in a Subtropical Urban Watershed

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