Restoring fire as an ecological process in shortgrass prairie ecosystems: initial effects of prescribed burning during the dormant and growing seasons

Brockway, Dale G.; Gatewood, Richard G.; Paris, Randi B

doi:10.1006/jema.2002.0540

Cited by 132 publications

(129 citation statements)

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“…Our higher values could be related to the fact that the study sites were affected by prescribed burnings instead of wildland fires. Vegetation response to fire can vary widely, depending on the burning season [3,36]. In particular, in Mediterranean ecosystems, resprouting ability after summer wildland fires could be lower than after prescribed burning because: (i) prescribed burning generally reaches lower intensities than wildland fires [2,3,16] and (ii) summer water stress can reduce resprouting vigour [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vegetation response to fire can vary widely, depending on the burning season [3,36]. In particular, in Mediterranean ecosystems, resprouting ability after summer wildland fires could be lower than after prescribed burning because: (i) prescribed burning generally reaches lower intensities than wildland fires [2,3,16] and (ii) summer water stress can reduce resprouting vigour [1]. However, it is worth mentioning that for those species which in this study have shown intermediate resprouting values, such as I. aquifolium and J. oxycedrus, those individuals which did not resprout did not suffer greater burning intensities than those which had resprouted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-fire resprouting ability of 15 non-dominant shrub and tree species in Mediterranean areas of NE Spain

2007

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-Post-fire resprouting ability of the non-dominant tree and shrub species of the Mediterranean Basin has not yet been experimentally tested, although this group contributes to maintain the richness of Mediterranean plant communities. In this study, we have analyzed the post-fire recovery ability of 15 woody species that occur in relatively low abundance in dry and sub humid Mediterranean areas in NE of Spain. The main goals have been: (i) to determine experimentally the post-fire resprouting ability of these species and (ii) to compare the abundance of these species in areas affected by wildland fires and in unburned areas. We have observed a high resprouting ability after prescribed burning of most species except for Juniperus communis and J. phoenicea which showed a null resprouting. As the species with high resprouting ability showed similar presence in burned and unburned areas, we can conclude that wildfires are not a factor that constrains the presence of these species in Mediterranean woodlands. However, we found a reduction in the abundance of J. communis and J. phoenicea at the regional level after wildland fires. distribution area / prescribed burning / resprouting / woody species / Juniperus Résumé -Capacité à rejeter de souche de 15 espèces d'arbres et d'arbustes secondaires de la région méditerranéenne après incendie. La capacité à rejeter de souche après incendie d'espèces d'arbres et d'arbustes non dominants de la région méditerranéenne est peu connue malgré l'importance de la contribution de ce groupe à la richesse des communautés végétales. Dans cette étude, nous avons analysé la capacité à rejeter de souche de 15 espèces ligneuses présentes en faible abondance dans les zones semi arides et subhumides méditerranéennes du nord-est de l'Espagne. Les principaux objectifs étaient : (i) de déterminer expérimentalement la capacité de rejeter après incendie et (ii) de comparer l'abondance de ces espèces dans des zones brûlées et non brûlées. Toutes les espèces testées présentaient une grande capacité à rejeter de souche à l'exception de Juniperus communis et J. phoenicea, qui ont montré une incapacité complète à rejeter de souche après incendie. Les espèces présentant une grande capacité de rejet présentent des abondances similaires dans des zones brûlées et non brûlées. Nous pouvons conclure que les incendies ne sont pas le facteur limitant leur présence dans les forêts méditerranéennes. Au contraire, les espèces sensibles à faible capacité de rejet comme J. communis et J. phoenicea, ont vu leur abondance baisser à l'échelle régionale après incendie. distribution des espèces / incendies de forêt / rejet de souche / brûlis / Juniperus

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-fire resprouting ability of 15 non-dominant shrub and tree species in Mediterranean areas of NE Spain

2007

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“…Although fire can diminish the well-being of people and drastically reduce ecosystem services, fire is a natural process in many ecosystems, and it is not necessarily a negative element per se. The maintenance of a natural fire regime is often required to sustain or even enhance the productivity of ecosystems that have coexisted, or even coevolved, with a specific fire regime (Brockway et al 2002). Therefore, the impact of fire on a forest and its associated ecosystem services can be either positive or negative, depending on the forest type, the fire regime, and the ecosystem services (Thom and Seidl 2016).…”

Section: Fire Regulation and Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem services

et al. 2017

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Forests are critical habitats for biodiversity and they are also essential for the provision of a wide range of ecosystem services that are important to human well-being. There is increasing evidence that biodiversity contributes to forest ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem services. Here we provide a review of forest ecosystem services including biomass production, habitat provisioning services, pollination, seed dispersal, resistance to wind storms, fire regulation and mitigation, pest regulation of native and invading insects, carbon sequestration, and cultural ecosystem services, in relation to forest type, structure and diversity. We also consider relationships between forest biodiversity and multifunctionality, and trade-offs among ecosystem services. We compare the concepts of ecosystem processes, functions and services to clarify their definitions. Our review of published studies indicates a lack of empirical studies that establish quantitative and causal relationships between forest biodiversity and many important ecosystem services. The literature is highly skewed; studies on provisioning of nutrition and energy, and on cultural services, delivered by mixed-species forests are under-represented. Planted forests offer ample opportunity for optimising their composition and diversity because replanting after harvesting is a recurring process. Planting mixed-species forests should be given more consideration as they are likely to provide a wider range of ecosystem services within the forest and for adjacent land uses. This review also serves as the introduction to this special issue of Biodiversity and Conservation on various aspects of forest biodiversity and ecosystem services.

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“…Native grasslands have been altered to a greater extent than any other biome in North America (Samson et al 2004), resulting in the conversion of the once diverse grassland landscape into a collection of homogenous grassland fragments interspersed with agricultural fields (Lomolino et al 2001, Brockway et al 2002, Brennan and Kuvlesky 2005. These alterations are likely to have contributed to the continental-scale declines in grassland avifauna, which have been steeper and more consistent than declines in any other avian guild over the past century (Knopf 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought and Cooler Temperatures Are Associated with Higher Nest Survival in Mountain Plovers

Dreitz¹,

Conrey²,

Skagen³

2012

ACE

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ABSTRACT. Native grasslands have been altered to a greater extent than any other biome in North America. The habitats and resources needed to support breeding performance of grassland birds endemic to prairie ecosystems are currently threatened by land management practices and impending climate change. Climate models for the Great Plains prairie region predict a future of hotter and drier summers with strong multiyear droughts and more frequent and severe precipitation events. We examined how fluctuations in weather conditions in eastern Colorado influenced nest survival of an avian species that has experienced recent population declines, the Mountain Plover (Charadrius montanus). Nest survival averaged 27.2% over a 7-yr period (n = 936 nests) and declined as the breeding season progressed. Nest survival was favored by dry conditions and cooler temperatures. Projected changes in regional precipitation patterns will likely influence nest survival, with positive influences of predicted declines in summer rainfall yet negative effects of more intense rain events. The interplay of climate change and land use practices within prairie ecosystems may result in Mountain Plovers shifting their distribution, changing local abundance, and adjusting fecundity to adapt to their changing environment.RÉSUMÉ. Les prairies naturelles ont été plus grandement modifiées que tout autre biome en Amérique du Nord. L'habitat et les ressources nécessaires pour favoriser la performance reproductrice des oiseaux de prairie endémiques de ces écosystèmes sont actuellement menacés par les pratiques de gestion des terres et les changements climatiques imminents. Les modèles climatiques pour les prairies des Grandes Plaines prévoient des étés plus chauds et plus secs, des sécheresses sévères durant plusieurs années et des évènements de précipitation plus fréquents et intenses que ce qu'on observe présentement. Nous avons examiné les effets des fluctuations des conditions météorologiques dans l'est du Colorado sur la survie des nids chez une espèce aviaire ayant subi un récent déclin des populations, le Pluvier montagnard (Charadrius montanus). Le taux de survie des nids s'élevait à 27,2 % en moyenne sur une période de 7 ans (n = 936 nids) et diminuait à mesure que progressait la saison de reproduction. La survie des nids était supérieure quand les conditions étaient sèches et les températures fraîches. Les changements prévus dans les tendances régionales des précipitations influenceront vraisemblablement la survie des nids : tandis que la diminution des précipitations estivales prévue entraînera un effet positif sur la survie, les évènements de précipitation plus intenses prévus auront, quant à eux, un effet négatif. L'interaction des changements climatiques et des pratiques d'utilisation des sols dans les écosystèmes de prairie amènera peut-être le Pluvier montagnard à modifier sa répartition, son abondance locale et sa fécondité pour s'adapter à l'environnement changeant.

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Restoring fire as an ecological process in shortgrass prairie ecosystems: initial effects of prescribed burning during the dormant and growing seasons

Cited by 132 publications

References 58 publications

Post-fire resprouting ability of 15 non-dominant shrub and tree species in Mediterranean areas of NE Spain

Post-fire resprouting ability of 15 non-dominant shrub and tree species in Mediterranean areas of NE Spain

Forest biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem services

Drought and Cooler Temperatures Are Associated with Higher Nest Survival in Mountain Plovers

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