Restoring dead wood in forests diversifies wood-decaying fungal assemblages but does not quickly benefit red-listed species

Pasanen, Hannes; Junninen, Kaisa; Kouki, Jari

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2013.10.018

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The enrichment of dead wood at the landscape scale had significant effects on saproxylic beetle and fungal communities, after only 10 years following its implementation. This is in line with findings of well‐designed experiments at the stand scale that suggest short‐term positive effects of dead‐wood accumulation for saproxylic organisms (Hyvärinen, Kouki, & Martikainen, ; Komonen et al, ; Pasanen et al, ; Seibold et al, ). Historically intensively managed, and hence species poorer forest stands, aligned with forest reserves after 10 years of dead‐wood enrichment in terms of gamma diversity and community composition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…for timber production) (Morales-Hidalgo, Oswalt, & Somanathan, 2015), debates on the effectiveness of land sparing versus land sharing concepts (Fischer et al, 2008;Grau, Kuemmerle, & Macchi, 2013) are important, and conservation strategies need to be assessed for their efficacy. It has been shown that land sharing, that is, integrative conservation approaches in European forests, can locally promote saproxylic organisms, depending on the time-scale and taxon, by restoring or retaining dead wood and old-growth elements (Brunet & Isacsson, 2009;Komonen, Kuntsi, Toivanen, & Kotiaho, 2014;Pasanen, Junninen, & Kouki, 2014;Vandekerkhove & Thomaes, 2016). However, most of these approaches are restricted to the stand scale, and landscape-wide applications of dead-wood enrichment and their evaluation with respect to biodiversity are rare.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Decadal effects of landscape‐wide enrichment of dead wood on saproxylic organisms in beech forests of different historic management intensity

Roth

Doerfler

Bässler

et al. 2018

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim European temperate forests have lost dead wood and the associated biodiversity owing to intensive management over centuries. Nowadays, some of these forests are being restored by enrichment with dead wood, but mostly only at stand scales. Here, we investigated effects of a seminal dead‐wood enrichment strategy on saproxylic organisms at the landscape scale. Location Temperate European beech forest in southern Germany. Methods In a before–after control–impact design, we compared assemblages and gamma diversities of saproxylic organisms in strictly protected old‐growth forest areas (reserves) and historically moderately and intensively managed forest areas before and a decade after starting a landscape‐wide strategy of dead‐wood enrichment. Results Before enrichment with dead wood, the gamma diversity of saproxylic organisms in historically intensively managed forest stands was significantly lower than in reserves and historically moderately managed forest stands; this difference disappeared after 10 years of dead‐wood enrichment. The species composition of beetles in forest stands of the three historical management intensities differed before the enrichment strategy, but a decade thereafter, the species compositions of previously intensively logged and forest reserve plots were similar. However, the differences in fungal species composition between historical management categories before and after 10 years of enrichment persisted. Main conclusions Our results demonstrate that intentional enrichment of dead wood at the landscape scale is a powerful tool for rapidly restoring saproxylic beetle communities and for restoring wood‐inhabiting fungal communities, which need longer than a decade for complete restoration. We propose that a strategy of area‐wide active restoration combined with some permanent strict refuges is a promising means of promoting the biodiversity of age‐long intensively managed Central European beech forests.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decadal effects of landscape‐wide enrichment of dead wood on saproxylic organisms in beech forests of different historic management intensity

Roth

Doerfler

Bässler

et al. 2018

Diversity and Distributions

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additional ecological restoration imitating natural disturbances may therefore be important strategies in mitigating negative effects on biodiversity (Angelstam 1998;Lindenmayer et al 2006;Gonzales 2013). Even though ecological restoration has been on the agenda for some time, relatively little has been practiced within industrialized forestry in boreal biomes, and even more so the efforts taken have rarely been properly evaluated (but see: Toivanen and Kotiaho 2007;Olsson and Jonsson 2010;Hekkala et al 2014a, b;Pasanen et al 2014). It is therefore of utmost importance to gain more knowledge on how we can reintroduce natural-like disturbances under controlled settings in boreal forest systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive effects of ecological restoration on rare and threatened flat bugs (Heteroptera: Aradidae)

et al. 2015

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Intensive management of boreal forests has replaced natural disturbances, leading to losses of residual deadwood and saproxylic biodiversity. Declining population sizes have been well documented for insect groups such as bark and wood-boring beetles, whilst other groups such as flat bugs (Heteroptera: Aradidae) are less wellstudied and little is known about their response to forest restoration. We conducted two restoration experiments addressing this lack of knowledge. We predicted the following responses to restoration: (1) artificial gap-creation and prescribed burning will attract more flat bugs than control stands, (2) increasing pre-burning fuel loads will have a positive influence on flat bug response to fire restoration. To test these predictions we conducted two field experiments; in Sweden we compared prescribed burning of standing forest with artificial gap-creation and in Finland we compared differing levels of fuel-load prior to burning. We found partial support for our first prediction, total numbers of flat bugs collected was higher in burned forest stands compared to controls in both countries. By contrast, gap-cutting only resulted in a marginal increase in the numbers and species of flat bugs collected. We found no support for our second hypothesis. The red-listed Aradus angularis and A. laeviusculus were primarily found in burned stands. Aradus betulae, A. betulinus and A. lugubris were more frequent in burned stands than gap-cuttings and untreated controls. Our study therefore suggests that ecological restoration, especially burning, is an efficient way of attracting flat bugs to suitable habitat, we therefore recommend ecological restoration to be incorporated in boreal forest management.

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“…Healthy, diseased and dead trees provide (i) essential habitats for a wide variety of organisms (Lonsdale et al, 2008;Penttil€ a et al, 2013;Burns et al, 2014;Pasanen et al, 2014) and (ii) key ecosystem services needed by the growing human population, both in rural and urban settings, in developed as well as developing countries, from tropical to boreal regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term trends in books of terms related to forest pathology

Pautasso

2015

EPPO Bulletin

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Scientometric and bibliometric methods are increasingly applied to study temporal trends in scientific outputs, but there has been little application in plant and forest health. This research note uses the Google Books N‐Grams search engine to explore temporal trends in the use of terms related to forest pathology in published books. The search was performed for books in American and British English, French, German and Italian. There is evidence for a relative decline in the use of the term ‘forest pathology’, since the 1950s in books in American English and since the 1990s in books in British English. This decline was counterbalanced by a relative increase in the use of the term ‘forest health’ between the 1980s and the end of the 1990s, whereas the term ‘tree diseases’ roughly followed the same trend as ‘forest pathology’. A declining trend was observed for ‘pathologie forestière’ (since the 1980s), both ‘Waldschutz’ and ‘Forstschutz’ (since the 1990s), as well as ‘patologia forestale’ (since the 1950s). The use of the terms ‘dendrology’, ‘forest entomology’, ‘forest genetics’, ‘mycology’, ‘plant pathology’ appears to have followed the trend observed for ‘forest pathology’ in all studied languages. Conversely, there has been an increase in books mentioning topics such as ‘ecosystem health’ and ‘old‐growth forests.’ The trends observed here call for increased efforts to make the public aware of trees, their diseases and the health of forests.

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Restoring dead wood in forests diversifies wood-decaying fungal assemblages but does not quickly benefit red-listed species

Cited by 33 publications

References 21 publications

Decadal effects of landscape‐wide enrichment of dead wood on saproxylic organisms in beech forests of different historic management intensity

Decadal effects of landscape‐wide enrichment of dead wood on saproxylic organisms in beech forests of different historic management intensity

Positive effects of ecological restoration on rare and threatened flat bugs (Heteroptera: Aradidae)

Long‐term trends in books of terms related to forest pathology

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