Restoration of the Cortical Mantle in Severe Feline Hydrocephalus: A New Laboratory Model

Epstein, Fred J.; Rubin, Ronald P.; Hochwald, G. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1974.tb03449.x

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…In addition, severity of the microstructural changes increased with ventricle size in both regions. The microstructural rearrangement is suspected to protect the cortical gray matter from injury when compressed [ 71 , 72 ]. In fact, this cellular rearrangement may be important to allow geometry of the cortical gray matter to be restored after shunt treatment if the tissue is not degenerated [ 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Rat Brain Tissue Microstructure and Stiffness during the Development of Experimental Obstructive Hydrocephalus

et al. 2016

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Understanding neural injury in hydrocephalus and how the brain changes during the course of the disease in-vivo remain unclear. This study describes brain deformation, microstructural and mechanical properties changes during obstructive hydrocephalus development in a rat model using multimodal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Hydrocephalus was induced in eight Sprague-Dawley rats (4 weeks old) by injecting a kaolin suspension into the cisterna magna. Six sham-injected rats were used as controls. MR imaging (9.4T, Bruker) was performed 1 day before, and at 3, 7 and 16 days post injection. T2-weighted MR images were collected to quantify brain deformation. MR elastography was used to measure brain stiffness, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was conducted to observe brain tissue microstructure. Results showed that the enlargement of the ventricular system was associated with a decrease in the cortical gray matter thickness and caudate-putamen cross-sectional area (P < 0.001, for both), an alteration of the corpus callosum and periventricular white matter microstructure (CC+PVWM) and rearrangement of the cortical gray matter microstructure (P < 0.001, for both), while compression without gross microstructural alteration was evident in the caudate-putamen and ventral internal capsule (P < 0.001, for both). During hydrocephalus development, increased space between the white matter tracts was observed in the CC+PVWM (P < 0.001), while a decrease in space was observed for the ventral internal capsule (P < 0.001). For the cortical gray matter, an increase in extracellular tissue water was significantly associated with a decrease in tissue stiffness (P = 0.001). To conclude, this study characterizes the temporal changes in tissue microstructure, water content and stiffness in different brain regions and their association with ventricular enlargement. In summary, whilst diffusion changes were larger and statistically significant for majority of the brain regions studied, the changes in mechanical properties were modest. Moreover, the effect of ventricular enlargement is not limited to the CC+PVWM and ventral internal capsule, the extent of microstructural changes vary between brain regions, and there is regional and temporal variation in brain tissue stiffness during hydrocephalus development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Rat Brain Tissue Microstructure and Stiffness during the Development of Experimental Obstructive Hydrocephalus

et al. 2016

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CT Follow-Up of Hydrocephalus in Children

Schönmayr¹,

Zierski²,

Agnoli³

1980

Advances in Neurosurgery

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Silicone oil-induced hydrocephalus in the rabbit

Bigio

Bruni

1991

Child's Nerv Syst

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Hydrocephalus was induced in adult rabbits by injecting silicone oil into the cisterna magna. Mean intracranial pressure was significantly elevated for approximately 36 h post-injection, during which time maximal ventricular dilatation was attained. Stretching and compression of periventricular tissue and capillaries accompanied dilation of the lateral ventricles. Ventricular dilation promoted mitotic activity among the periventricular astroglia. Ventriculomegaly altered the metabolism of the monoamine neurotransmitters in the cortex, hippocampus, diencephalon, hypothalamus, and brain-stem. Ischemic injury to neurons of the hippocampal formation, particularly the dentate gyrus, was observed when hydrocephalus had persisted for more than 4 weeks. Cerebrospinal fluid shunting effectively reversed the neuropathologic changes only when done in the early stages of hydrocephalus. When hydrocephalus persisted for 8 weeks, rapid reversal of changes in the ependyma and periventricular capillaries was prevented largely by periventricular gliosis.

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Restoration of the Cortical Mantle in Severe Feline Hydrocephalus: A New Laboratory Model

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Changes in Rat Brain Tissue Microstructure and Stiffness during the Development of Experimental Obstructive Hydrocephalus

Changes in Rat Brain Tissue Microstructure and Stiffness during the Development of Experimental Obstructive Hydrocephalus

CT Follow-Up of Hydrocephalus in Children

Silicone oil-induced hydrocephalus in the rabbit

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