Restoration of mined lands—using natural processes

Bradshaw, A. D.

doi:10.1016/s0925-8574(97)00022-0

Cited by 557 publications

(316 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Improper mechanical cultivation and land shaping would have influenced not only canopy cover, litter fall, plant roots, and understory vegetation, but would also have impacted soil properties. However, the processes of natural succession also demonstrate that nature can achieve restoration unaided and develop fully functioning soils (Bradshaw, 1997). As for plantation management, mechanical cultivation that loosens the soil over the entire ground surface should be replaced by loosening the soil around the base of the trees only.…”

Section: Implications For Management and Forest Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of reforestation approaches on runoff control in the hilly red soil region of Southern China

Zheng

Chen

Ouyang

et al. 2008

Journal of Hydrology

109

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Summary Vegetation structure and soil properties are not only correlated with forest management practices, but also affect soil and water loss significantly. To estimate the long-term influences of regenerating forest cover on soil and water loss from degraded land, the runoff and soil loss in the context of different forest restoration approaches, including a control plot (CL) and plantations of slash pine (Pinus elliottii), Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), tea-oil camellia (Camellia oleifera), and natural secondary forest, were monitored in runoff plots over a 4-year period (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003) in a hilly red soil region in Southern China. Relevant ecological factors and management intensity, were also measured. The results indicated that the four forest restoration approaches decreased surface runoff by 63.0-88.1% and soil erosion by 75.5-97.1% compared to the control. Moreover, runoff and soil erosion in tea-camellia plantation (TCP) and natural secondary forest (NSF) plots were significantly lower than with other treatments. Canopy cover, litter fall, plant roots, plant life forms, soil properties, and vegetation structure are important ecological factors that determine the magnitude of soil loss. Vegetation structure and plant life forms are the main factors reducing surface runoff and the movement of sediments. Effective control of soil and water loss in NSF and TCP are closely related to multiply stratified communities and the presence of specific plant life forms (the herbaceous keystone species Dicranopteris linearis), respectively. In addition, the above mentioned factors were sensitive to forest management patterns, including improper mechanical cultivation. Management practices should attempt to minimize disturbances to these factors to control runoff and soil erosion in each forest management unit. In particular, mechanical cultivation should loosen the soil around the base of a tree only, instead of over the entire ground surface, in the early stages of forest restoration. ª

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Section: Implications For Management and Forest Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of reforestation approaches on runoff control in the hilly red soil region of Southern China

Zheng

Chen

Ouyang

et al. 2008

Journal of Hydrology

109

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“…Rather, they rely on strong resprouting capacity, investment in underground storage/root systems, and clonal growth (Veldman et al 2015). Lack of target species source, either in the seed bank or in the surrounding, may also limit the recolonization of degraded areas by native species, often to the benefit of ruderal and/or invasive species (Ash et al 1994;Bakker et al 1996;Bradshaw 1997;Bakker and Berendse 1999;Wilson 2002;Shu et al 2005;Kiehl 2010) Thus, active restoration is the only strategy for re-establishing Cu-Co communities in disturbed sites (Hutchings and Booth 1996;Bischoff 2002;Kiehl et al 2010), which imply, first, to conserve these communities and second, to develop techniques to restore its.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of translocation methods to conserve metallophyte communities in the Southeastern D.R. Congo

Stradic

Séleck

Lebrun

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo, unique metallophyte communities supporting numerous endemic species occurred on the highly mineralized copper cobalt (Cu-Co) hills throughout the province. These hills are economically valuable mineral reserves, mining activities represent therefore a threat to the long-term persistence of these communities. Ex-situ conservation program was set up by a mining company to rescue and conserve the diversity of Cu-Co communities until restoration activities are initiated. Two kind of Cu-Co communities, the steppe and the steppic savanna were translocated using topsoil spreading and whole-turf translocation. In this study we assessed the effectiveness of these two techniques in conserving Cu-Co communities and their potential use in future restoration programs. More than two years after the translocation, whole-turf translocation appeared to be the better technique for ex-situ conservation of endemic Cu-Co species.Not only did whole-turf successfully translocate numerous target species that were not present in the topsoil areas, but it also resulted in fewer ruderal and non-target species compared to topsoil spreading. Topsoil spreading recorded low seedling emergence from seed bank due to large proportions of dormant seeds or the absence of a seed bank, especially for the steppic savanna. Restoration of the steppe, is currently more successful than for steppic savanna where the lack of dominant and structuring species likely contributed to divergence in species composition compared to reference ecosystem. Our study stress the fact that tropical old-growth grasslands, which require probably several centuries to assemble, are difficult to restore or translocate.

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“…O Brasil é o segundo produtor mundial de minério de ferro, sendo cerca de 70% extraído nessa região. Atualmente, existem ali mais de 50 minas a céu aberto em atividade (DNPM, 2006), resultando na completa alteração da paisagem, com enormes impactos nas biodiversidades local e regional (BRADSHAW, 1997;TOY e GRIFFITH, 2001; TEIXEIRA e LEMOS FILHO, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudo fitossociológico de uma comunidade vegetal sobre canga como subsídio para a reabilitação de áreas mineradas no quadrilátero ferrífero, MG

2008

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RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a estrutura e composição de um campo rupestre sobre canga para servir de base a estudos sobre reabilitação de áreas degradadas pela mineração de ferro. Estudouse uma canga no Parque Estadual da Serra do Rola-Moça, MG. Em 30 parcelas de 2 m 2 , foram amostrados 2.151 indivíduos pertencentes a 32 espécies e 16 famílias, com diversidade de 2,45 nats/ind. A altura média foi de 15,8 ± 16,3 cm, com 80% dos indivíduos menores do que 25 cm. As famílias mais importantes foram Orchidaceae, Poaceae e Cyperaceae, e as espécies com maior valor de importância foram Andropogon ingratus (Poaceae), Lychnophora pinaster (Asteraceae), Bulbostylis fimbriata (Cyperaceae), Sophronitis caulescens (Orchidaceae) e Sebastiania glandulosa (Euphorbiaceae). Sugere-se que essas espécies mais importantes, aquelas com crescimento clonal como gramíneas, ciperáceas e orquídeas epilíticas, as facilitadoras como Stachytarpheta glabra e Mimosa calodendron e espécies tolerantes a metais pesados como Vellozia spp. sejam candidatas prioritárias em programas de recuperação de áreas degradadas por mineração de ferro.Palavras-chave: Campos rupestres, fitossociologia e espécies facilitadoras. PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDY OF A PLANT COMMUNITY ON IRONSTONE AS SUPPORT FOR RECOVERY OF A MINED AREA IN THE IRON QUADRANGLE, MG

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Restoration of mined lands—using natural processes

Cited by 557 publications

References 15 publications

Impacts of reforestation approaches on runoff control in the hilly red soil region of Southern China

Impacts of reforestation approaches on runoff control in the hilly red soil region of Southern China

Comparison of translocation methods to conserve metallophyte communities in the Southeastern D.R. Congo

Estudo fitossociológico de uma comunidade vegetal sobre canga como subsídio para a reabilitação de áreas mineradas no quadrilátero ferrífero, MG

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