Restoration of Drainage Systems as the Foundation for Agricultural Production Stability and Ecological Balance of Ukrainian Polissia

Abstract

The changing conditions of crop cultivation and the shift in the use of drained lands necessitate the restoration of drainage systems, expanding their functional tasks, and ensuring water regulation on drained lands. The research focuses on agricultural lands in the farms of LLC “Vasiuty and LLC Bilinsket” in the Kovel district of the Volyn region of Ukraine. Studies conducted on reclaimed lands of the drainage systems “Melnitska” and “Bobrovka” have shown that the implementation of a complex of works to restore open and collector-drainage canals to design specifications, the operation of hydraulic structures, allowed for timely drainage of excess water in the spring period and regulation of soil water regime in the early vegetation period. Maintaining moisture in the active soil layer within close to optimal limits at the end of the vegetation period is possible through the accumulation of additional water reserves in the open channel network. Yield indicators of the studied crops (winter wheat, maize, sunflower) on drained lands have been determined