Restoration of Central Macular Pigment Dip with Dietary RR Zeaxanthin Supplementation in Patients with AMD

Richer, Stuart

doi:10.15406/aovs.2017.07.00219

Cited by 1 publication

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References 36 publications

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“…It is known that in combination with the macular distribution of the 2 dietary xanthophylls (foveal zeaxanthin and parafoveal lutein), increased plasma zeaxanthin is significantly associated with reduced risk of AMD [ 56 ]. Indeed, it has been recently demonstrated that high dose (8 mg) zeaxanthin supplementation augments (‘normalizes’) both central MPOD and foveal visual scotomas in subjects presenting with atypical FMPD spatial profiles [ 40 , 57 , 58 ]. However, similar to Zeimer et al [ 59 ], our data also suggests that the increased L:Z ratio does not create the FMPD but potentially amplifies it, which supports the hypothesis that lower serum Z (or higher L:Z ratio) only partially explains the presence of FMPD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foveal macular pigment dip in offspring of age-related macular degeneration patients is inversely associated with omega-3 index

et al. 2020

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Background Offspring of parent(s) with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have a 45% lifetime risk of developing the disease. High foveal macular pigment optical density (MPOD) is protective, whereas individuals with a “foveal macular pigment dip” (FMPD) are at increased risk. Shortage of the dietary carotenoids lutein, zeaxanthin as well as fish consumption are reported AMD risk factors. This Early Biomarkers of AMD (EBAMD) study evaluates serum factors that protect foveal MPOD architecture in Caucasian offspring of parent(s) with AMD. Methods N = 130 subjects [mean (SD) age 62.8 (8.6) years; 36/94 male/female] were recruited from Scripps Health/ Scripps Memorial Hospital/ Scripps Mericos Eye Institute between 2012 and 2017. Macula pigment 3D topography was evaluated using specular reflectance. Buccal genetic cheek swab, circulating serum dietary carotenoids and long-term RBC omega-3 fatty acid status, as well as common secondary clinical structural and vision function parameters were obtained. Results 41 % of offspring of AMD parent(s) presented with FMPD. These offspring were about 4 years younger than those without FMPD (controls; P = 0.012) and had thinner foveas (P = 0.010). There were no differences in gender, BMI, % body fat, visual acuity or contrast sensitivity between those with and without FMPD. % RBC membrane docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was reduced in FMPD offspring vs. control offspring (P = 0.04). The Omega-3 Index was significantly decreased in the FMPD group (P = 0.03). Conclusions The percentage of FMPD in AMD offspring is nearly twice that reported for the general population in the scientific literature. Offspring presenting FMPD had similar AMD genetic risk, but significantly reduced % RBC membrane omega-3 fatty acids and thinner foveas compared with those without FMPD. Our data supports the importance of ‘essential fatty’ acids as an independent AMD risk factor.

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