Restoration Interventions at the Roman Nymphaeum in Amman: Identification and Evaluation

El-Khalili, Mohammad

doi:10.1179/1350503315z.000000000102

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…Archaeological evidence points that the water in the nymphaeum would have originated from Ras Al-' Ain-the main source of the Amman Stream located nearly 6km to the east. There is evidence that the Romans capitalized on Amman's land relief to design a drainage system that naturally carried the water from the Amman Stream to a storage basin in the Nymphaeum (Yegül and Architectural History Foundation York, 1992;El-Khalili, 2014;Waheeb and AlGhazawi, 2014).…”

Section: Concepts Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reading an Urban Palimpsest: How the Gradual Loss of an Urban Stream Impacts Urban Form's Connections and Ecosystem Functions

2021

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Fluvial reclamation to facilitate urban development leads to culverting, hence, a loss of urban streams. Using the palimpsest analogy, we examine how the Amman Stream in Amman (Jordan) historically provided regulatory and socio-cultural ecosystem services through its socio-spatial (longitudinal, lateral, and vertical) connections. We then explore the impact of the stream's culverting, partially in 1967 then completely in 1997, on these connections and, consequently, on ecosystem services. To overcome data paucity, our methodology relied on constructing spatial data by georeferencing and digitizing aerial photos and satellite images (from 1953, 1975, 1992, and 2000) using ArcGIS. We augmented our data with archival research (historic and contemporary documents and maps), an online survey among Amman's residents, and in situ observations and photography. The results reveal striking contrasts between the historic and contemporary configuration of urban form vis-à-vis the Amman Stream. Throughout its early urban history during the Classical and early Islamic periods, the urban form elements reflected reverence and prudence toward the Amman Stream as manifested in the investment in water infrastructure and the alignment of thoroughfares, civic monuments, and bridges that collectively capitalized on the land relief (the strath) and established strong connections with the Amman Stream, maximizing, in the process, its regulatory and socio-cultural services. In contrast, the contemporary urban form replaced the stream with car-oriented roads, hence, eradicated its regulatory services and replaced its socio-spatial connections with urban socio-economic and cultural fissures. Accordingly, we propose to daylight (de-culvert) the Amman Stream to restore its regulatory and socio-cultural services and its socio-spatial connections. We substantiate the feasibility of daylighting through: (1) morphological analysis that reveals that roads cover most of the stream; (2) the survey's findings that indicate public support; and (3) the cascading benefits for the larger watershed in a water insecure region.

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Section: Concepts Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reading an Urban Palimpsest: How the Gradual Loss of an Urban Stream Impacts Urban Form's Connections and Ecosystem Functions

2021

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Gerasa’s ‘Nymphaeum’: a reappraisal of its history and function

Boyer¹

2022

Levant

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Morphological and Geometrical Characterization of Historical Churches of Yucatan, Mexico

Rodriguez

Vasconcelos

Lourenço

2021

International Journal of Architectural Heritage

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This paper deals with the architectonic, constructive, and geometrical characterization of Yucatan stone masonry churches in Mexico. The work aims at finding statistical correlations between geometric parameters that characterise the main cross section of the churches. For this, a detailed historical and architectonic review was performed and a description of the structural elements and connections among them were provided combining existing data and visual survey of churches under ruins. In addition, a database of 44 Yucatan churches was built with the geometric features of the cross section and linear correlations were studied between the geometric parameters. Additional churches from different regions of Mexico were also considered for a systematic comparison. Besides, simple geometric relations between geometric key parameters as a function of the span of the churches with semi-circular canon vaults were derived and further compared with empirical relations provided in historical treatises from the 16 th to 18 th centuries was carried. Based on the results obtained, it was seen that the key geometric parameters defining the thickness of canon vaults and thickness and height of the stone masonry walls are reasonably close to some proposals provided in historical treatises.

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Restoration Interventions at the Roman Nymphaeum in Amman: Identification and Evaluation

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Reading an Urban Palimpsest: How the Gradual Loss of an Urban Stream Impacts Urban Form's Connections and Ecosystem Functions

Reading an Urban Palimpsest: How the Gradual Loss of an Urban Stream Impacts Urban Form's Connections and Ecosystem Functions

Gerasa’s ‘Nymphaeum’: a reappraisal of its history and function

Morphological and Geometrical Characterization of Historical Churches of Yucatan, Mexico

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