Restoration and analysis of standing-up in complete paraplegia utilizing functional electrical stimulation

Kagaya, Hitoshi; Shimada, Yasuhiro; Ebata, Kunio; Sato, Mineyoshi; Satô, Kôzô; Yukawa, Toshihiro; Obinata, Goro

doi:10.1016/s0003-9993(95)80556-7

Cited by 49 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Various training approaches are used in rehabilitation medicine to recover from immobilization or disuse. NMES is used widely to lessen immobilization-associated muscle weakness, to strengthen muscles, and to improve function in people with neuromuscular disabilities [1,19,28,32]. For example, the muscle strength of healthy subjects can be increased by 10% to 20% with 3 to 6 weeks of highintensity stimulation [4,5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid-Training Method Increases Muscle Strength and Mass in the Forearm without Adverse Effect of Hand Function in Healthy Male Subjects

et al. 2010

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Summary:Conventional neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) results in surface muscle contraction but high electrical stimulation intensity is required to activate the deep muscles. Therefore, NMES is not useful for training at complicated sites such as the forearm. To make NMES more effective we developed a hybrid training method (HYB), consisting of electrically stimulated antagonists to resist agonist muscle contractions. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of HYB on the forearm as compared with NMES alone, and to determine whether HYB had any adverse effects on complex hand movements. Thirty subjects were randomly distributed into three groups: a HYB program group, an isometric electrical stimulation group (ES), and a control group (CN). Subjects trained 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Each session consisted of 10 sets of 10 reciprocal 2-sec wrist flexions and extensions separated by 1-min rest intervals. Wrist flexion\extension torques, grip strengths (GS), forearm flexor\extensor cross sectional areas (CSA), and hand dexterity (Purdue Pegboard (PEG) test, finger tapping (Tapping) test were measured. The HYB group demonstrated statistically significant increases in wrist extension torques (22.8%, p<0.01), forearm flexor CSA (9.6%, p<0.01), and in forearm extensor CSA (5.1%, p<0.05) at the end of training. There was no increase in torque or CSA in the ES or CN groups. Hand dexterity showed no significant differences in any of the three groups. HYB had no adverse effect on hand function and was more effective in forearm training than NMES alone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…widely used to lessen immobilization-associated muscle atrophy, to strengthen muscles, and to improve function in people with neuromuscular disabilities [1][2][3][4][5]. However, NMES has some limitations.…”

Section: Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (Nmes) Ismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid-Training Method Increases Muscle Strength and Mass in the Forearm without Adverse Effect of Hand Function in Healthy Male Subjects

et al. 2010

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“…Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is widely used to lessen immobilization-associated muscle atrophy, to strengthen muscles, and to improve function in people with neuromuscular disabilities [1][2][3][4][5]. The combined application of electrical stimulation (ES) and volitional contractions (VC) is said to be more effective than ES or VC alone [6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycling exercise to resist electrically stimulated antagonist increases oxygen uptake in males: Pilot study

Matsuse

Shiba

Terada³

et al. 2013

JRRD

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Abstract-A hybrid training system (HTS) has been developed as the combined application of electrical stimulation (ES) and volitional contractions (VC), using electrically stimulated eccentric antagonist muscle contractions as a resistance to voluntary agonist muscle contractions. The purpose of the present study is to compare the metabolic cost between cycling exercise using HTS as added resistance (HTC) and unloaded cycling exercise (ULC). Twelve male subjects exercised on a leg cycle ergometer. After 5 min rest and 5 min warm up, they performed ULC for 5 min or HTC for 5 min. During rest and each exercise, the steady state of oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide output (VCO2), expired ventilation (VE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and heart rate (HR) were measured. The values of VO2, VCO2, VE, and HR during HTC were significantly greater than during ULC (p < 0.05). Relative VO2 was 16.7% +/-2.1% of peak VO2 during ULC, and it was 21.1% +/-3.4% during HTC. However, there was no significant difference in RER between ULC and HTC. These findings indicate that the combined application of VC and ES could lead to a greater increase in metabolic cost. HTS seems to be applicable as a resistance of motion.

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“…However, previous reports only investigated short-term stimulation with short cycles and there have been no studies on CIS associated with intermittent FES using long-term electrical stimulation lasting several seconds, which is required for FES in clinical settings. There are several clinical studies reported about the stimulation period for the restoration of standing and walking by FES in clinical settings (12,13,15). Kagaya and colleagues prepared a muscle stimulation pattern for FES-assisted standing and sitting in paraplegics based on a motion analysis of healthy individuals, and reported that it took 3.0 ± 0.3 seconds on average for the paraplegics to stand and 3.0 ± 0.1 seconds to sit (12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several clinical studies reported about the stimulation period for the restoration of standing and walking by FES in clinical settings (12,13,15). Kagaya and colleagues prepared a muscle stimulation pattern for FES-assisted standing and sitting in paraplegics based on a motion analysis of healthy individuals, and reported that it took 3.0 ± 0.3 seconds on average for the paraplegics to stand and 3.0 ± 0.1 seconds to sit (12). To maintain the standing position in paraplegics, Krajl and colleagues applied continuous low-frequency stimulation (20 Hz) for 1 to 8 seconds with intermittent breaks lasting 1 to 10 seconds and documented the lowest muscle fatigue for 4-second "on"/8-second "off" FES (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of muscle fatigue by catchlike-inducing intermittent electrical stimulation in rat skeletal muscle

et al. 2006

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Catchlike property is the force enhancement produced when a brief, high-frequency burst of pulses is added to a constant low-frequency stimulation. In functional electrical stimulation, constant low-frequency stimulation of approximately 20 Hz has primarily been used to reduce muscle fatigue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of catchlike-inducing intermittent stimulation on muscle fatigue in relation to continuous intermittent low-frequency stimulation. Twenty-two adult male Wistar ST rats were randomly assigned into the constant frequency stimulation (CFS) group or the catchlike-inducing stimulation (CIS) group. In the CFS group, constant low-frequency stimulation of 20 Hz was applied intermittently (4 seconds "ON"/15 seconds "OFF"). In the CIS group, a single electrical burst of 100 Hz was applied at the start of the every 4-second period of stimulation. The muscle fatigue test lasted for 16 min and isometric muscle force, muscle fatigue, and muscular workload were evaluated. CIS significantly increased the maximum muscular force (under fatigued condition) and workload, and significantly decreased muscle fatigue (p < 0.05). The results of this study suggest that catchlike-inducing intermittent electrical stimulation is useful in the clinical administration of functional electrical stimulation.

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Restoration and analysis of standing-up in complete paraplegia utilizing functional electrical stimulation

Cited by 49 publications

References 8 publications

Hybrid-Training Method Increases Muscle Strength and Mass in the Forearm without Adverse Effect of Hand Function in Healthy Male Subjects

Hybrid-Training Method Increases Muscle Strength and Mass in the Forearm without Adverse Effect of Hand Function in Healthy Male Subjects

Cycling exercise to resist electrically stimulated antagonist increases oxygen uptake in males: Pilot study

Reduction of muscle fatigue by catchlike-inducing intermittent electrical stimulation in rat skeletal muscle

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