Restlessness, Resoluteness and Reason: Looking Back at 50 Years of Māori Education

Abstract

Te tū āpapa The growing recognition of Māori education approaches and ways of knowing can be seen both as a response to the erosion and loss of traditional knowledge philosophies through the processes of colonialism and internationalism, and as a means of reclaiming and revaluing Māori language, identity and culture. Improving the educational success of Māori learners and their whānau contributes to ensuring that the goals identified as being critical for Māori advancement, are accomplished. This paper explores the last 50 years of education provision for Māori, starting with historical touchstones that have influenced the recent past, a critique of the recent past itself, and observations of the present cultural drivers-those that harbour promises of a modern story that is authentically inclusive, and responsive to local and global obligations.

Repercussão E Diálogo: Paulo Freire Na Aotearoa/Nova Zelândia

“…O conceito social de Ako reconhece "a natureza simultânea e recíproca do ensino e da aprendizagem" (MACFARLANE, A. H., 2007, p. 141). A teorização de Freire sobre a aprendizagem mútua assemelha-se ao conceito de Ako, quando ele propõe que, "A educação deve começar pela solução da contradição professor-aluno, reconciliando os polos da contradição para que ambos sejam simultaneamente professores e alunos" (FREIRE, 1996b, p. 52 Māoris, incluindo a visão de mundo e as perspectivas Māoris, tornou-se a base para uma proposta de educação transformativa (MACFARLANE, A. H., 2015). Com esta visão, as soluções e entendimentos para resolver a gama de problemas que os povos indígenas enfrentam estão localizados dentro da própria cultura indígena (PETERSON;ISHII-JORDAN, 1994).…”

“…Pode-se argumentar, então, que Freire foi bem recebido devido ao profundo impacto de sua análise da opressão e da natureza política da educação. Além disso, a descrição de Freire, acerca de suas experiências vividas no Brasil, assemelhava-se com algumas das experiências vividas por pessoas na Aotearoa/Nova Zelândia MACFARLANE, A. H., 2015;PENETITO, 2010;SMITH, G. H., 2005;WALKER, 2016)…”

“We Need to Make Action NOW, to Help Keep the Language Alive”: Navigating Tensions of Engaging Indigenous Educational Values in University Education

“…Doing so will contribute greatly to the recovery and revitalization of Indigenous languages, philosophies, psychologies, and well‐being of our Indigenous communities, and perhaps additional models will be developed, such as the inspiring Te Köhanga Reo Māori language nests in New Zealand which serve as educational sites in which students learn through language immersion in their Indigenous language. Such approaches “have been built on Māori philosophies; and have been created and managed by Māori for Māori…are critical in supporting language revitalization efforts, are assisting in the politicization and conscientisation of the Māori people, and are making a positive difference in the nurturing of Māori identity within Māori children” (Macfarlane, , p. 182).…”

Cultural Pedagogy and Transformative Learning: Reflections on Teaching in a Māori Environment in Aotearoa/New Zealand

“…Ako is a concept related to the wider definition of pedagogy within a Māori context (Macfarlane, 2015). Ako is grounded in the principle of reciprocity and proposes that the learner and teacher are simultaneously juxtaposed, so that the learner is at the same time the teacher and vice versa (Macfarlane, 2015).…”

“…Ako is a concept related to the wider definition of pedagogy within a Māori context (Macfarlane, 2015). Ako is grounded in the principle of reciprocity and proposes that the learner and teacher are simultaneously juxtaposed, so that the learner is at the same time the teacher and vice versa (Macfarlane, 2015). This reciprocal epistemology becomes particularly relevant today when factual knowledge can easily be found online and when precious time of face-to-face contact becomes best utilized for cocreation of learning, dialogue, and creation of new ideas.…”