Restless sleep disorder, restless legs syndrome, and periodic limb movement disorder—Sleep in motion!

DelRosso, Lourdes M.; Mogavero, Maria Paola; Ferri, Raffaele

doi:10.1002/ppul.25305

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Un estudio piloto realizado el año 2018 mostró que los niveles de ferritina en grupos de niños estudiados con SPI y TSI eran inferiores a 50 ng/ml (valor de corte para sugerir suplementación con fierro) 2 . Este hallazgo en el TSI, junto con la mejoría de síntomas diurnos y nocturnos tras la suplementación, sustentan la hipótesis del déficit de fierro 1,5 .…”

Section: A) Deficiencia De Fierrounclassified

“…Un sueño adecuado es de suma importancia para el desarrollo saludable, crecimiento, cognición y conducta de los niños 1 . En esta población los problemas de sueño ocurren en más del 50%, siendo el ronquido una de las quejas más frecuente en el grupo de desórdenes de sueño de causa respiratoria (27%), y el sonambu-lismo (17%), bruxismo (28%) e insomnio (10%-30%) ejemplos de trastornos de sueño frecuentes de causa no respiratoria 2 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…En una segunda publicación de este grupo de trabajo se compararon los hallazgos polisomnográficos entre niños con TSI, SPI y niños sanos (controles), encontrándose un incremento del tiempo total de movimiento corporal no calificado como MPE. El índice del tiempo total de movimiento (suma de todos los tipos de movimiento dividido por el TTS) es más alto en niños con TSI y estadísticamente diferente al índice de tiempo total de movimiento del grupo con SPI y grupo control 1,3 . Los niños con TSI tienen un mayor número de movimiento que termina en despertar con respecto a los controles.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Trastorno de sueño inquieto: una nueva entidad clínica a considerar en niños

et al. 2023

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El Trastorno de Sueño Inquieto (sigla en inglés RSD: Restless Sleep Disorder) es un cuadro recientemente descrito por un grupo de expertos en sueño que elaboró criterios diagnósticos y polisomnográficos después de realizar una acuciosa revisión de la bibliografía disponible donde se mencionaba un mal dormir o sueño inquieto como síntoma único o acompañante de otros trastornos. Este grupo definió el TSI como un cuadro caracterizado por la queja parental de movimientos gruesos frecuentes durante el sueño, de reposicionamiento y disrupción del sueño que causan deterioro significativo diurno. Los criterios diagnósticos incluyen presencia de síntomas durante 3 meses, al menos 3 veces por semana, y hallazgos polisomnográficos de al menos 5 movimientos/hora. Debe considerar cambios conductuales durante el día tales como somnolencia, irritabilidad e hiperactividad, y que estos no sean explicados por una condición médica, farmacológica o conductual secundaria. Su prevalencia está estimada en un 7,7 % de niños referidos por problemas de sueño. Los niños presentan usualmente niveles de ferritina bajo 50 ng/ml, un punto en común con el Síndrome de piernas inquietas. El tratamiento propuesto por expertos consiste en la suplementación de fierro, que ha demostrado beneficios en este grupo de pacientes. Para el diagnóstico debe descartarse cuadros secundarios de origen médico general u otros trastornos de sueño tales como Síndrome de piernas inquietas o Movimiento periódico de extremidades. El objetivo de esta revisión es revisar las recomendaciones actuales en esta entidad, describir las claves clínicas, fisiopatológicas y polisomnográficas, destacando la necesidad de dar a conocer este cuadro para ampliar los estudios en grupos etarios diferentes a los ya definidos y generar pautas de tratamiento.

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Section: A) Deficiencia De Fierrounclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Trastorno de sueño inquieto: una nueva entidad clínica a considerar en niños

et al. 2023

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“…Finally, RSD is a relatively new diagnostic entity that is diagnosed when a child has restless, disturbed sleep (not typically sleep-onset difficulties), in conjunction with a large muscle movement index of at least five per hour on polysomnography. 46 Treatment of these sleep-related movement disorders typically starts with optimization of iron stores, which can be accomplished via oral or intravenous routes. 47 While much is known about RLS, PLMD, and RSD in children, there is very little published regarding these disorders in individuals with PWS.…”

Section: Sleep-related Movement Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Disorders in Children with Prader Willi Syndrome: Current Perspectives

Ingram¹,

Arganbright²,

Paprocki³

et al. 2022

NSS

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Children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) face a multitude of potential health challenges including life-threatening obesity, endocrinopathies, behavioral and emotional dysregulation, developmental delays, and sleep disorders. In the current perspective piece, we provide a focused review of the condition's etiology and clinical findings, as well as a more in-depth discussion of sleep disorders frequently associated with PWS. In particular, we highlight and discuss difficult clinical scenarios frequently encountered by the pediatric sleep physician caring for this patient population, including diagnosis and treatment of complex sleep-related breathing disorders, considerations for sleep apnea surgery, the interplay between growth hormone and sleep apnea, diagnostic challenges in hypersomnia/narcolepsy, and current and emerging therapies for hypersomnia/narcolepsy. Overall, although there are many areas that need further research, sleep disorders remain a fruitful target for improving quality of life of children with PWS and their families.

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“…The diagnostic criteria of RSD include parental complaints of restless sleep manifested by frequent large muscle movements during sleep; repositioning or movements occurring throughout the night; and restless sleep associated with daytime symptoms of sleepiness, hyperactivity, or behavioral or cognitive problems [ 11 , 12 ]. Polysomnography is required for the diagnosis since objective findings of frequent body movements must be demonstrated; in fact, the diagnosis of RSD requires a sleep study to rule out other sleep disorders and to demonstrate a large body movement index of at least five movements per hour [ 11 , 13 , 14 ]. RSD is found in 7.7% of children referred to sleep centers, a prevalence around that of insomnia (7.3%), and below the prevalence of restless legs syndrome (10.3%) [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Executive and Cognitive Functions in Children with Restless Sleep Disorder: A Pilot Study

et al. 2022

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Restless sleep disorder affects children and is characterized by frequent nocturnal movements, iron deficiency, and daytime symptoms such as poor school performance or behavioral problems. Although sleep parameters have been thoroughly studied and daytime sleepiness has been previously assessed, neurocognitive and executive functions have not. In this study, we evaluated neurocognitive functions in a group of 13 children diagnosed with restless sleep disorder using the National Institute of Health Toolbox (NIH toolbox). The mean age was 10.62 (S.D. 2.785). Among them, seven were male and six were female. The fully corrected T-scores (adjusted for demographic variables: age, ethnicity, and education level) showed the lowest values for the Flanker test (selective attention) and dimensional change card sorting test (cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control), with a very large effect size vs. the corresponding expected frequencies. For all the other tests, the average scores were 50; however, individual children scored low on pattern recognition and two composite scores (fluid and total). In conclusion, these data support the fact that cognitive functions are affected in children with restless sleep disorder, especially selective attention. Clinicians must recognize sleep disorders and daytime impairment in order to promptly intervene and prevent cognitive impairments.

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Restless sleep disorder, restless legs syndrome, and periodic limb movement disorder—Sleep in motion!

Cited by 18 publications

References 63 publications

Trastorno de sueño inquieto: una nueva entidad clínica a considerar en niños

Trastorno de sueño inquieto: una nueva entidad clínica a considerar en niños

Sleep Disorders in Children with Prader Willi Syndrome: Current Perspectives

Assessment of Executive and Cognitive Functions in Children with Restless Sleep Disorder: A Pilot Study

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