Resting Energy Expenditure in the Parenterally Fed Pediatric Population With Crohn's Disease

Abstract

Measured REE did not significantly differ from predicted resting energy requirements. This indicates that REE for the parenterally fed pediatric patients with CD can be accurately predicted using the FAO/WHO/UNU equations.

Growth retardation in pediatric Crohnʼs disease

“…In addition, measured REE for parenterally fed CD patients was shown to be similar to the predicted REE, indicating that REE for the parenterally fed pediatric patients with CD can be accurately predicted using the FAO/WHO/UNU equations. 18 Due to the above, it is not surprising that at the time of diagnosis up to 85% of pediatric patients with CD and 65% of those with UC have weight loss. 19 Several nutrition-associated mechanisms in children with CD may lead to GH resistance.…”

Ability of commonly used prediction equations to predict resting energy expenditure in children with inflammatory bowel disease

“…These reports have focused on trying to determine if REE is altered as a result of IBD and use the prediction equations as the standard for comparison. 1,5,19,20 To our knowledge, there are no studies utilizing the comparatively new Oxford equation in children with IBD. It is important to clarify which equations are most appropriate for energy prescription in disease states, such as IBD, for several reasons.…”

“…In up to about a third of all cases during childhood, growth retardation is seen prior to the manifestation of gastrointestinal symptoms. 1 The causes of sometimes dramatic growth retardation include anorexia, active inflammation, and increased intestinal nutrient losses. Together, these complications of IBD could disturb energy balance, causing altered resting energy requirements to that of a healthy child.…”

“…2 However, some studies investigating REE in IBD have suggested that energy expenditure is raised, [3][4][5] while others have suggested that REE is unchanged. 1,6 Each scenario can be explained physiologically. It is well known that in anorexia, REE tends to decrease as a sparing mechanism to reduce the physiological impact of the decreased energy intake.…”

Growth retardation in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases – pathogenesis and treatment

“…Studies on growth and development rate are very difficult and require proper methodology and sophisticated measurement equipment [12]. They are based on anthropometric measurements, calorimetric studies, bioimpedance, isotope studies, radiologic imaging and laboratory studies.…”