Resting energy expenditure and body composition of Labrador Retrievers fed high fat and low fat diets

Yoo, Seung Hyun; Ramsey, Jon J.; Havel, Peter J.; Jones, Philip G.; Fascetti, Andrea J.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0396.2005.00588.x

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As such, dietary macronutrient differences were not expected to significantly alter whole-body EE. This finding agrees with other studies conducted using dogs ( 23 ) and human subjects ( 4 ) that were fed different concentrations of CHO and/or fat. These observations suggest that energy metabolism is highly controlled in mammals and is not influenced by acute changes in dietary macronutrient concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…While resting EE was not different between diets, it was similar to values reported in dogs in the literature (311–395 kJ/kg 0·75 per d ( 22 ) ; 361–370 kJ/kg 0·75 per d ( 23 ) ). In the present study, dogs were fed equivalent amounts of dietary protein to energy, and the daily food allowance was set to maintain a dog's body weight over the course of the study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Mannoheptulose has differential effects on fasting and postprandial energy expenditure and respiratory quotient in adult Beagle dogs fed diets of different macronutrient contents

et al. 2014

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The present study aimed to determine the effects of mannoheptulose (MH) (8 mg/kg) on energy expenditure (EE), respiratory quotient (RQ) and glycaemic response in healthy adult Beagle dogs (n 8; 9·62 (sem 0·31) kg; body condition score 4·5). The study was designed as replicated 4 × 4 Latin squares with a 2 × 2 factorial treatment structure. The dietary treatments were low carbohydrate (CHO) relative to fat diet (LC; 31 % CHO, 28 % fat) with placebo (0 mg/kg) or MH supplement and high CHO relative to fat diet (HC; 54 % CHO, 11 % fat) with placebo (0 mg/kg) or MH supplement. Dogs were fed to maintain body weight (HC and HC+MH 3625 (sem 295) kJ and LC and LC+MH 3542 (sem 284) kJ). Resting and postprandial (0–4 h; 5–10 h; 11–17 h; 18–23 h) EE and RQ were determined by indirect calorimetry (days 12 or 14). Glycaemic response to a meal (24 h) and plasma MH concentrations were determined on days 12 or 14. Plasma MH followed first-order kinetics, confirming that MH is absorbed and available to the animal. In the presence of high dietary CHO, MH increased postprandial EE (5–10 h only), suggesting MH increased dietary induced thermogenesis. In contrast to earlier reports, MH did not affect serum glucose or insulin in the present study. Irrespective of MH, dogs adapted RQ to diet composition and dogs consuming the LC diet had a greater incremental AUC for glucose, but not insulin, than dogs consuming the HC diet.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Mannoheptulose has differential effects on fasting and postprandial energy expenditure and respiratory quotient in adult Beagle dogs fed diets of different macronutrient contents

et al. 2014

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“…As lean mass was not affected by diet in this study, REE was not expected to be affected by diet. The REE values observed in this study are similar to those reported in Beagles [ 12 , 19 ] and Labrador Retrievers [ 12 , 20 ]. Adaptive thermogenesis includes the energy produced in response to environmental temperature, behaviour, and diet and accounts for a relatively small proportion of total EE (~10%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Dietary Mannoheptulose Does Not Significantly Alter Daily Energy Expenditure in Adult Labrador Retrievers

et al. 2015

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Mannoheptulose (MH), a sugar found in avocados that inhibits glycolysis in vitro, has been preliminarily investigated as a novel food ingredient for dogs. This study aimed to determine the effects of dietary MH, delivered as an extract of un-ripened avocado, on energy expenditure (EE) in healthy adult Labrador Retriever dogs (total of 12 dogs, 26.99 ± 0.634 kg, 4.9 ± 0.2 y). The study was a double-blind, cross-over with each dog receiving both dietary treatments, control (CON) and MH (400 mg/kg of diet; 6 mg/kg BW), in random order. Resting and post-prandial (10 h) EE and respiratory quotient (RQ) were determined by indirect calorimetry (d 42). The following day, body composition was assessed using dual X-ray absorptiometry. Continuous activity monitoring was conducted using an Atical® accelerometer (d 43–47). A vastus lateralis muscle biopsy was obtained prior to the morning meal (d 49) and 4 h after consumption of their meal (d 56) to determine the protein content and phosphorylation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Diet did not affect body weight, resting EE or skeletal muscle AMPK phosphorylation. Dogs fed MH had significantly lower post-prandial RQ (p = 0.02) and ratio of fat to lean body mass (p = 0.02). Physical activity during light time periods (but not dark) was lower in dogs fed MH (p < 0.05) during weekends, but not on weekdays. These results suggest that MH affects energy balance of adult dogs, but that these effects are not dose dependent and not due to physical activity.

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“…It is well known that the maintenance energy demand of several species is dependent primarily on lean tissue mass (Sparti et al, 1997;Birnie et al, 2000;Yoo et al, 2006). Adiposity implicates an increased proportion of fat tissue in the body and thus reduces the proportion of lean M b .…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Saving energy during hard times: Energetic adaptations of Shetland pony mares

Brinkmann

Gerken

Hambly

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Recent results suggest that wild Northern herbivores reduce their metabolism during times of low ambient temperature and food shortage in order to reduce their energetic needs. It is, however, not known whether domesticated animals are also able to reduce their energy expenditure. We exposed 10 Shetland pony mares to different environmental conditions (summer and winter) and to two food quantities (60% and 100% of maintenance energy requirement) during low winter temperatures to examine energetic and behavioural responses. In summer, ponies showed a considerably higher field metabolic rate (FMR; 63.4±15.0 MJ day −1 ) compared with foodrestricted and control animals in winter (24.6±7.8 and 15.0±1.1 MJ day −1 , respectively). During summer, locomotor activity, resting heart rate and total water turnover were considerably elevated (P<0.001) compared with winter. Animals on a restricted diet (N=5) compensated for the decreased energy supply by reducing their FMR by 26% compared with control animals (N=5). Furthermore, resting heart rate, body mass and body condition score were lower (29.2±2.7 beats min −1 , 140±22 kg and 3.0±1.0 points, respectively) than in control animals (36.8±41 beats min −1 , 165±31 kg, 4.4±0.7 points; P<0.05). While the observed behaviour did not change, nocturnal hypothermia was elevated. We conclude that ponies acclimatize to different climatic conditions by changing their metabolic rate, behaviour and some physiological parameters. When exposed to energy challenges, ponies, like wild herbivores, exhibited hypometabolism and nocturnal hypothermia.

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Resting energy expenditure and body composition of Labrador Retrievers fed high fat and low fat diets

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Mannoheptulose has differential effects on fasting and postprandial energy expenditure and respiratory quotient in adult Beagle dogs fed diets of different macronutrient contents

Mannoheptulose has differential effects on fasting and postprandial energy expenditure and respiratory quotient in adult Beagle dogs fed diets of different macronutrient contents

Dietary Mannoheptulose Does Not Significantly Alter Daily Energy Expenditure in Adult Labrador Retrievers

Saving energy during hard times: Energetic adaptations of Shetland pony mares

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