Resting EEG theta activity predicts cognitive performance in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Hermens, Daniel F.; Soei, Eleonore; Clarke, Simon; Kohn, Michael; Gordon, Evian; Williams, Leanne M.

doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2004.11.009

Cited by 106 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, this inverse association between theta and d2 attention test performance was most pronounced posterior instead of anterior. This finding is similar to that of Hermens et al [59] who found an inverse correlation between posterior theta during an eyes open condition and reaction time in TD adolescents but not adolescents with ADHD [59]. It is striking that a lower posterior absolute theta during the eyes open condition was strongly associated with attentional performance in terms of total processed (TN) and total correct processed (C) items in adolescents with ADHD but not in adolescents with ASD ?…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

EEG theta and beta power spectra in adolescents with ADHD versus adolescents with ASD + ADHD

Bink

Boxtel

Popma

et al. 2014

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Attention problems are common in youngsters with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as in adolescents with combined autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and ADHD. However, it is unknown whether there is psychophysiological overlap and/or a difference in electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectra between ADHD and comorbid ASD and ADHD (ASD + ADHD), on and off stimulant medication. To explore potential differences and overlap, measures of theta and beta power in adolescents diagnosed with ADHD (n = 33) versus adolescents with combined ASD + ADHD (n = 20), categorized by stimulant medication use (57 % of the total sample), were compared. EEG measures were acquired in three conditions: (1) resting state, eyes closed (2) resting state, eyes open and (3) during an oddball task. In addition, performance on the d2 attention test was analyzed. Adolescents with ADHD displayed more absolute theta activity than adolescents with ASD + ADHD during the eyes open and task conditions, independent of stimulant medication use. In addition, only the adolescents with ADHD showed an association between diminished attention test performance and increased theta in the eyes open condition. Results of the current study suggest that although there is behavioral overlap between ADHD characteristics in adolescents with ADHD and adolescents with combined ASD + ADHD, the underlying psychophysiological mechanisms may be different. Adolescents with ASD + ADHD exhibited fewer of the EEG physiological signs usually associated with ADHD, although there was an overlap in attentional problems between the groups. This may indicate that treatments developed for ADHD work differently in some adolescents with ASD + ADHD and adolescents with ADHD only.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

EEG theta and beta power spectra in adolescents with ADHD versus adolescents with ASD + ADHD

Bink

Boxtel

Popma

et al. 2014

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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“…They have found epileptiform changes in 7.1%, while it is estimated that in the general population the prevalence is 3.5% 55 . Despite finding several electroencephalographic abnormalities in patients with ADHD, their pathogenic significance has not still been determined 51,53,56 . The most important and consistent EEG abnormality found in patients with ADHD is the increase of theta waves during resting conditions, most evident in frontal regions 51,56 .…”

Section: Electroencephalography (Eeg) Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite finding several electroencephalographic abnormalities in patients with ADHD, their pathogenic significance has not still been determined 51,53,56 . The most important and consistent EEG abnormality found in patients with ADHD is the increase of theta waves during resting conditions, most evident in frontal regions 51,56 . For some researchers, these EEG abnormalities indicate that there must be changes in neuronal circuits, which have no specific neurological manifestations such as epilepsy, but could be the cause of psychiatric symp-toms such as psychotic symptoms, hallucinations, dysphoria, irritability, and attention disorders 51,54 .…”

Section: Electroencephalography (Eeg) Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in people with epilepsy: diagnosis and implications to the treatment

Koneski

Casella

2010

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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The association between attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and epilepsy can cause significant impact on the social life of affected individuals and their families. Clinical studies suggest that 30-40% of people with epilepsy also have ADHD. There are no studies which demonstrate that short or long-term treatment with methylphenidate increases the risk of seizures. Some studies attempt to relate drug interactions between methylphenidate and antiepileptic drugs, but adverse effects of methylphenidate have not been shown clearly. This review presents some neurobiological and physiopathogenic aspects, common to ADHD and epilepsy, from recent research studies, related to pharmacology, neuroimaging and electroencephalography. Possible risk of occurrence of seizures associated with the use of methylphenidate are also discussed. Key words: ADHD, epilepsy, methylphenidate, comorbidities, seizures, antiepileptic drugs.Transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade em pessoas com epilepsia: diagnóstico e implicações para o tratamento RESUMO A associação entre transtorno de déficit de atenção / hiperatividade (TDAH) e epilepsia pode causar importante impacto na vida social dos indivíduos afetados e seus familiares. Estudos clínicos sugerem que 30-40% das pessoas com epilepsia também apresentam TDAH. Não existem publicações que evidenciem que o tratamento a curto ou longo prazo com metilfenidato aumente o risco de ocorrência de crises epilépticas, e alguns estudos procuram relacionar as interações medicamentosas entre o metilfenidato e as drogas antiepilépticas, porém não foram demonstrados os possíveis efeitos do metilfenidato de uma maneira clara. Apresenta-se a seguir, revisão sobre os aspectos neurobiológicos e fisiopatogênicos comuns ao TDAH e epilepsia, a partir de pesquisas recentes relacionadas a estudos de farmacologia, neuroimagem e eletroencefalografia, e discuti-se os possíveis riscos da ocorrência de crises epilépticas associadas ao uso de metilfenidato.

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“…various qEEG studies were carried out with individuals suffering from ADHD, assessing different parameters using a variable number of electrodes in patients with their eyes open and closed, both at rest and when carrying out activities 9,10 . In studies with ADHD children at rest with their eyes closed, differences have been observed in relation to normal controls, such as an increase in the delta and theta powers 11 , increase in theta 12 , increase in theta and decrease in beta 13,14 and increase in theta and decrease in alpha and beta 15 .…”

Section: Quantitative Electroencephalogram (Qeeg) and Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epileptiform abnormalities and quantitative EEG in children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder

Fonseca

Tedrus

Moraes

et al. 2008

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-There is much controversy about the importance of the electroencephalogram (EEG) in assessing the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The objective of this study was to assess the use of EEG and quantitative EEG (qEEG) in ADHD children. Thirty ADHD children and 30 sex-and age-matched controls with no neurological or psychiatric problems were studied. The EEG was recorded from 15 electrode sites during an eyes-closed resting condition. Epileptiform activity was assessed, as were the absolute and relative powers in the classical bands after application of the Fast Fourier transform. Epileptiform activity was found in 3 (10%) ADHD children. As compared to the controls, the ADHD group showed significantly greater absolute delta and theta powers in a diffuse way, and also greater absolute beta power and smaller relative alpha 1 and beta powers at some electrodes. A logistic multiple regression model, allowed for 83.3% sensibility and specificity in diagnosing ADHD.KEy worDs: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, EEG, children. Atividade epileptiforme e eletrencefalograma quantitativo em crianças com transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividadeResumo -Há controvérsias sobre a importância do eletrencefalogama (EEG) na avaliação do transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade (TDAH). o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, em crianças com TDAH, o EEG digital e quantitativo. Foram estudadas 30 crianças com TDAH e 30 sadias, sem evidências de problemas neurológicos ou psiquiátricos e pareadas por idade e gênero. Foi registrado o EEG em 15 posições de eletrodos, durante repouso e olhos fechados. Foi realizada pesquisa de atividade epileptiforme e feita análise de freqüências nas faixas clássicas, após aplicação da transformada rápida de Fourier. Foi encontrada atividade epileptiforme em 3 (10%) crianças com TDAH. o grupo TDAH teve, em relação ao grupo controle, significativamente, maior potência absoluta delta e teta, de modo difuso, assim como maior potência absoluta beta e menor potência relativa alfa 1 e beta, em alguns eletrodos. Um modelo de regressão múltipla logística possibilitou sensibilidade e especificidade de 83,3% no diagnóstico de TDAH.PAlAvrAs-cHAvE: transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade, EEG, infância. The attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the commonest behavioral disorders in childhood. Due to advancing knowledge with respect to the prevalence, natural history, genetics, biology and treatment of ADHD, a greater number of patients are now receiving adequate treatment. The diagnosis of ADHD is based on the DsM Iv 1 criteria of which the essential characteristic consists of a persistent pattern of lack of attention and/ or hyperactivity-impulsivity more frequent and serious than that typically observed in individuals with an equivalent developmental level. some symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity should be present up to 7 years of age. some compromise due to the symptoms should be present in at least two contexts (e.g. at home or at school ...

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Resting EEG theta activity predicts cognitive performance in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Cited by 106 publications

References 43 publications

EEG theta and beta power spectra in adolescents with ADHD versus adolescents with ASD + ADHD

EEG theta and beta power spectra in adolescents with ADHD versus adolescents with ASD + ADHD

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in people with epilepsy: diagnosis and implications to the treatment

Epileptiform abnormalities and quantitative EEG in children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder

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