RESSAC: a new airborne FM/CW radar ocean wave spectrometer

Hauser, Danièle; Caudal, G.; Rijckenberg, G.J.; Vidal-Madjar, D.; Laurent, G. T.; Lancelin, P.

doi:10.1109/36.175333

Cited by 67 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This has virtually no effect on the retrieved significant wave height. The results obtained by this method are fairly consistent with speckle estimates obtained using Hauser et al's (1992) approach. The results presented below have been obtained by using this cross-spectral approach.…”

Section: Measurement Of the Sea Wave Spectrumsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…As discussed by Jackson et al (1985a), the speckle noise of the radar technique produces a supplementary modulation of σ°, which is included in the measured modulation spectrum, and 13 this speckle noise must then be removed from the data for precise quantitative studies. In order to estimate the spectrum of the speckle noise, Hauser et al (1992) used a semi empirical method based on the comparison between data integrated over different time intervals. Another approach was proposed by Engen and Johnsen (1995) in the context of the processing of SAR images.…”

Section: Measurement Of the Sea Wave Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the pioneering work performed with the SAR mounted onboard the Seasat satellite (Gonzales et al, 1979), it appeared however that the SAR systems are expensive to develop and not trivial to use for the estimation of ocean wave directional spectra. In that context, several airborne radars operating without the constraints of SAR have been developed : the Ka-band Surface Contour radar (SCR) developed by Walsh et al (1985), the Kuband Radar Ocean Wave Spectrometer (ROWS) developed by Jackson et al (1985a, b), the Cband system RESSAC (Hauser et al,1992), the C-band polarimetric system STORM , and more recently the X-band coherent real aperture radar system (CORAR) developed by Plant et al (2005). Such airborne measurements provide directional information with more details than directional buoys (Petterson et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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KuROS: A New Airborne Ku-Band Doppler Radar for Observation of Surfaces

Caudal

Hauser

Valentin

et al. 2014

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

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Abstract. We present the new airborne Doppler radar KuROS (Ku-band Radar for Observation of Surfaces), which provides measurements of the normalized radar cross section σ° and of the Doppler velocity over the sea. The system includes two antennae rotating around a vertical axis, although only the results from the lower incidence (14°) antenna are presented here. We also give first results from observations performed during two field campaigns held in 2013 (HyMeX and PROTEVS campaigns). Sea wave directional spectra computed by the radar from tilt modulation of σ° are consistent with those given by the directional wave rider moored in the Mediterranean basin, both in terms of significant wave height H s and main features of the wavenumber spectrum. As concerns the azimuthal distribution, two methods are tested to remove the 180° ambiguity of the radar derived directional spectrum. The first method is based on the correlation between the modulations of σ° and Doppler velocity, which reflects the correlation between sea surface slope and orbital velocity. The second method does not use the Doppler velocity, but computes the cross-spectrum between the modulations of σ° between two power profiles separated by some time lag ΔT, from which the phase velocity of sea waves is deduced. Comparing the sea wave directional spectra disambiguated by both methods, with the directional spectrum given by the wave rider, we conclude that the first method (using Doppler velocity) is more efficient to remove the 180° ambiguity, and should be preferred to the second method.3

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Section: Measurement Of the Sea Wave Spectrumsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Measurement Of the Sea Wave Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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KuROS: A New Airborne Ku-Band Doppler Radar for Observation of Surfaces

Caudal

Hauser

Valentin

et al. 2014

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

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“…This technology is known as frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) (Ligthart et al 1986;Yamaguchi et al 2006;Huggard et al 2008;Sami 2009;Williams 2011). Such FMCW radars have been developed in the past for a wide range of applications, such as the characterization of ocean waves (Hauser et al 1992). Very few developments have been geared toward the characterization of clouds and fog (e.g., Yamaguchi et al 2006;Huggard et al 2008;Thies et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BASTA: A 95-GHz FMCW Doppler Radar for Cloud and Fog Studies

Delanoë

Protat

Vinson

et al. 2016

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

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Doppler cloud radars are amazing tools to characterize cloud and fog properties and to improve their representation in models. However, commercially available cloud radars (35 and 95 GHz) are still very expensive, which hinders their widespread deployment. This study presents the development of a lower-cost semioperational 95-GHz Doppler cloud radar called the Bistatic Radar System for Atmospheric Studies (BASTA). To drastically reduce the cost of the instrument, a different approach is used compared to traditional pulsed radars: instead of transmitting a large amount of energy for a very short time period (as a pulse), a lower amount of energy is transmitted continuously. By using a specific signal processing technique, the radar can challenge expensive radars and provide high-quality measurements of cloud and fog. The latest version of the instrument has a sensitivity of about −50 dBZ at 1 km for 3-s integration and a vertical resolution of 25 m. The BASTA radar currently uses four successive modes for specific applications: the 12.5-m vertical resolution mode is dedicated to fog and low clouds, the 25-m mode is for liquid and ice midtropospheric clouds, and the 100- and 200-m modes are ideal for optically thin high-level ice clouds. The advantages of such a radar for calibration procedures and field operations are also highlighted. The radar comes with a set of products dedicated to cloud and fog studies. For instance, cloud mask, corrected Doppler velocity, and multimode products combining the high-sensitivity mode and high-resolution modes are provided.

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“…Both antennae have a ±10° elevation and ±4° azimuth one-way beam-width. This relatively large aperture is required to estimate ocean wave spectra from a real-aperture radar at small-incidence (see [3], [4]). Both antennae have been tested in anechoic chambers to determine their lobe patterns.…”

Section: General Characteristics and Performances Of The Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

KuROS: A new airborne Ku-band Doppler radar for observation of the ocean surface

Hauser

Caudal

Gac

et al. 2014

2014 International Radar Conference

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Abstract-We present the new airborne Ku-band Doppler radar KuROS, designed for wind/wave observations of the ocean surface. First results obtained from observations collected during two field campaigns held in 2013 are also illustrated. Both intensity and Doppler information have been used to estimate the direction wave spectra of ocean waves. Results on radar crosssection and directional spectra of ocean wave are assessed trough comparison with independent information. We also present a preliminary analysis of the speckle energy density spectrum as a function of sea state conditions.

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RESSAC: a new airborne FM/CW radar ocean wave spectrometer

Cited by 67 publications

References 24 publications

KuROS: A New Airborne Ku-Band Doppler Radar for Observation of Surfaces

KuROS: A New Airborne Ku-Band Doppler Radar for Observation of Surfaces

BASTA: A 95-GHz FMCW Doppler Radar for Cloud and Fog Studies

KuROS: A new airborne Ku-band Doppler radar for observation of the ocean surface

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