Responsibility attribution by groups and individuals: The effects of the interaction episode

Forgas, Joseph P.

doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420110106

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These vignettes were based on Kogan and Wallach's (1964) "life dilemmas," which have been used successfully in previous attribution research (cf. Forgas, 1981).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following Heider (1958), Weiner (1974Weiner ( ,1980 proposed that causal dimensions such as locus and stability, as well as controllability, are central to explanations for achievement. Numerous studies have supported the reliability and validity of these causal dimensions (Elig & Frieze, 1979;Forgas, 1981;Meyer, 1980;Russell, 1982), which have become the dominant measures used to study causal attri-butions in the literature (cf. Hewstone, 1983).…”

Section: Explanations Of Achievementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Praise or blame? Affective influences on attributions for achievement.

Forgas¹,

Bower²,

Moylan³

1990

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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153

130

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Three experiments showed that mood influences achievement attributions and that cognitive processes underlie these effects. In Experiment 1, happy Ss made more internal and stable attributions for success than failure in typical 'life dilemmas'. In Experiment 2, attributions for real-life exam performance were more internal and stable in a happy than in a sad mood. Dysphoric moods resulted in self-critical rather than self-enhancing attributions, contrary to motivational theories, but consistent with cognitive models and the clinical literature on depression. In Experiment 3 this pattern was repeated with direct self vs. other comparisons, and for self-efficacy judgments. The results are interpreted as supporting cognitive rather than motivational theories of attribution biases. The implications of the results for clinical research, and contemporary affect-cognition theories are considered.

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“…These vignettes were based on Kogan and Wallach's (1964) "life dilemmas," which have been used successfully in previous attribution research (cf. Forgas, 1981).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Explanations Of Achievementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Praise or blame? Affective influences on attributions for achievement.

Forgas¹,

Bower²,

Moylan³

1990

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Self Cite

153

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Existing research suggests that group discussion per se may be a significant source of increased extremity bias in the decision-making process (Forgas, 1977(Forgas, , 1981a. In our study, individual and group judgements of nine-person categories (e.g.…”

Section: Affect In Group Vs Individual Judgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affect and Social Perception: Research Evidence and an Integrative Theory

Forgas

1992

European Review of Social Psychology

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What is the role of affect in social perception processes? This chapter reviews our empirical research programme on affective influences on social perception, and a new multi-process theoretical framework accounting for such effects is presented. In the first section, traditional approaches to research on social perception, and the recent affect-priming framework in particular, are outlined. Experimental results from our research programme on affective influences on social perception are reviewed next. The evidence shows robust and reliable mood effects on a variety of social judgements, from simple behaviour interpretation tasks to complex attribution and interpersonal preference judgements. The role of affect in social perception by children, in groups, and in field settings is also considered, and evidence for affective influences on processing strategies based on reaction-time studies is summarized. In the final section, recent affect-cognition theories are discussed, and a new integrative multi-process model is proposed. The implications of these results for everyday social judgements, and for contemporary models of social perception and cognition, are considered.

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“…Increased intimacy and self-disclosure have been regarded as key concepts for the development of interpersonal relationships (Higbee, 1973;Premo & Stiles, 1983;Snortum & Myers, 1971;Tolstedt & Stokes, 1984). Furthermore, the "risky shift" phenomenon, originally observed as'a tendency towards more extreme judgements in group settings (Clark, 1971), has since been shown to be dependent on interpersonal processes such as informal information exchange, social comparison, and social identification (Forgas, 1981;Goethals & Zanna, 1979;Lilienthal & Hutchison. 1979;Mackie & Cooper, 1984;Myers & Lamm, 1976).…”

Section: Rulf Lindman Psykologiska Insri~u~iotien Abo Akademi Viirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol and previous acquaintance: Mood and social interactions in small groups

Lindfors

Lindman

1987

Scandinavian J Psychology

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The effects of alcohol (0.75 g/kg) on qualitative and quantitative aspects of verbal interaction and self‐reported mood were studied in small groups of either strangers or acquaintances. Four groups consisting of two male and two female subjects were observed during discussion of a film topic. Significantly more verbal activity was observed as a function of alcohol (p<0.01), consistent with self‐reported euphoria, affiliative moods, and reduced social anxiety. Bales IPA data indicated that more negative emotions were expressed (p<0.05) and more assertive communications were delivered as part of the generally increased verbal activity under alcohol conditions. Although alcohol and previous acquaintance tended to alter mood ratings in similar ways, alcohol was clearly the more powerful agent. Alcohol increased both total verbal activity and the output of more self‐disclosing or provoking verbal responses. Although acquaintance alone had neither of these effects, it tended to promote the increase in verbal activity produced by alcohol.

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Responsibility attribution by groups and individuals: The effects of the interaction episode

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Praise or blame? Affective influences on attributions for achievement.

Praise or blame? Affective influences on attributions for achievement.

Affect and Social Perception: Research Evidence and an Integrative Theory

Alcohol and previous acquaintance: Mood and social interactions in small groups

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