Responses to natural and man‐made hazards in Borno, Northeast Nigeria

Kolawole, Are

doi:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1987.tb00616.x

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Kelman (2010) provides a valuable overview of why disasters are not ''natural.'' Despite pushback from those who prefer to retain the expression, a segment of the academic community has always maintained that the expression ''natural disaster'' is a misnomer, highlighting how a hazard turns into a disaster and the role that vulnerability plays in this process-for example, a drought in Northeast Nigeria (Kolawole 1987), a typhoon in the Philippines (Gaillard et al 2007), or a hurricane in New Orleans (Youngman 2015)-emphasizing the role of regulations and building codes (Chmutina and Bosher 2015;Rahman 2018), urban planning (Bull-Kamanga et al 2003), risk management and awareness raising (Mora 2009), politics, governance, and media (Gould et al 2016), and development, growth, and culture (Bankoff 2001;Ward and Shively 2017) in reducing vulnerability and disaster risk.…”

Section: Non-natural Disastersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dilemma of Language: “Natural Disasters” in Academic Literature

Chmutina

Meding

2019

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

171

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For decades sections of the academic community have been emphasizing that disasters are not natural. Nevertheless, politicians, the media, various international organizations-and, more surprisingly, many established researchers working in disaster studies-are still widely using the expression ''natural disaster.'' We systematically analyzed the usage of the expression ''natural disaster'' by disaster studies researchers in 589 articles in six key academic journals representative of disaster studies research, and found that authors are using the expression in three principal ways: (1) delineating natural and human-induced hazards; (2) using the expression to leverage popularity; and (3) critiquing the expression ''natural disaster.'' We also identified vulnerability themes that illustrate the context of ''natural disaster'' usage. The implications of continuing to use this expression, while explicitly researching human vulnerability, are wide-ranging, and we explore what this means for us and our peers. This study particularly aims to stimulate debate within the disaster studies research community and related fields as to whether the term ''natural disaster'' is really fit for purpose moving forward.

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Section: Non-natural Disastersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dilemma of Language: “Natural Disasters” in Academic Literature

Chmutina

Meding

2019

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

171

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“…Although the move towards modernisation in various spheres of rural life in Africa has given rise to improvements in some sectors, concerns have been raised about the adverse effects of such modernisation on the social development of rural communities (Redclift, 1987;Ameyaw, 1990;McDougall, 1990:29-42;Thakur, 1990). Similarly, in the area of drought management, concerns have centred around the effects of modern responses like well and borehole construction programmes, relief programmes and technology transfer, among other things, on the vulnerability of communities to the drought hazard (Glantz, 1976;Burton et al, 1978;Kolawole, 1987). While local communities have tried to cope with the array of environmental, economic and political challenges confronting them (see Taylor & Mackenzie, 1992), their struggle for survival could be facilitated by responsive governments and officials willing to listen to and learn from them.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of and Response to Drought by Local Communities in Fulladu West District, the Gambia

Jallow

1995

Singap J Trop Geogr

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Although the way in which local communities in The Gambia identify drought has remained predominantly traditional, their response to the hazard has undergone significant change over the past three decades. Some of the changes, even if short‐lived, have been beneficial, and have reduced the severity and duration of the hardships and penury which can accompany droughts in this part of the world. Nevertheless, other changes in the local response system, coupled with wider social, economic and political developments over the decades, are threatening to weaken the tolerance of local communities to hazards and increase their exposure to droughts. This article examines some of the strategies which local communities employ to identify and respond to drought, the extent to which responses have changed over the past decades, and the implications of some of these changes for the vulnerability of local communities in The Gambia.

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“…International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology www.ijrasb.com 1980) which were of positive values." Other droughts included those of 1919, 1924, 1935, 1951-1954, 1972-1973, 1984-1985, 2007 and 2011 [5] [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Trends in Agricultural and Meteorological Drought in Nigeria

Ajayi¹,

Ogunrinde²,

Yessoufou³

et al. 2020

IJRASB

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Investigating the trend in meteorological and agricultural drought is important in water resources management. Drought affects agriculture, water resources and the ecosystems of Nigeria. This study investigated the trend in meteorological and agricultural drought in the guinea savannah, sudan savannah and sahel savannah agro ecological zones in Nigeria by using SPI (standardized precipitation index), SPEI (standardized precipitation and evapotranspiration index) and SSI (standardized soil moisture index) indices. SPI considers only precipitation, SPEI considers both precipitation and potential evapotranspiration to determine drought and SSI considers soil moisture to evaluate soil moisture deficit for both short and long period. Precipitation data (1981-2015) was obtained from Nigerian Meteorogical Agency (NIMET) and soil moisture data (1981-2015) for 3 weather stations (1 from each zones) was obtained from the Climate Prediction Center (CPC). The result showed that; (1) Trend analysis revealed that the hypothesis of no trend was rejected in the three agro-ecological zones studied; (2) There was an observed significant drying trend at 95% significant level; (3) Over the three zones, the drought indicators showed significant trend; and (4) Comparison analysis of the 3 drought indices used in this study shows that SPI and SPEI are more consistent in the three zones showing relative correlation compared to SSI.

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Responses to natural and man‐made hazards in Borno, Northeast Nigeria

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

A Dilemma of Language: “Natural Disasters” in Academic Literature

A Dilemma of Language: “Natural Disasters” in Academic Literature

Identification of and Response to Drought by Local Communities in Fulladu West District, the Gambia

Investigation of Trends in Agricultural and Meteorological Drought in Nigeria

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