Responses to chronic corticosterone on brain glucocorticoid receptors, adrenal gland, and gut microbiota in mice lacking neuronal serotonin

Angoa‐Pérez, Mariana; Zagorac, Branislava; Francescutti, Dina M.; Theis, Kevin R.; Kuhn, Donald M.

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147190

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…TPH 1 and 2, responsible for the conversion of tryptophan to serotonin, were decreased by CRS in the ileum and frontal cortex, respectively, with increased serum levels of kynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, suggesting that, along with inducing depressive-like behaviours, CRS disrupted tryptophan metabolism, particularly favouring the neurotoxic branch of the kynurenine pathway [28]. In support of this, decreased serotonin levels were reported in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of several of the reviewed studies and Angoa-Pérez et al [62] recently reported that TPH2 knockout male mice exhibited increased depressive-like behaviour [51,[63][64][65][66][67][68]. Based on the reviewed studies, inflammation, and dysregulation of the HPA axis as a result of chronic stress are therefore highly relevant to the regulation of serotonin in the brain-to-gut and gut-to-brain connections.…”

Section: Serotonin and Tryptophan Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…β-diversity was reported across the reviewed studies using Principle Coordinate Analysis or Principle Component Analysis with Adonis or Bray-Curtis analyses. Several recent studies have reported significant differences in β-diversity at the phylum level [21,42,51,52,62,64,68,92,94,95]. However, one study reported a significant difference at the genus level in stressed animals versus controls and a separate study reported significant differences at both the phylum and genus levels [83,101].…”

Section: Gut Microbial Diversitymentioning

confidence: 97%

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The Effects of Stress and Diet on the “Brain–Gut” and “Gut–Brain” Pathways in Animal Models of Stress and Depression

Herselman

Bailey

Bobrovskaya

2022

IJMS

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Compelling evidence is building for the involvement of the complex, bidirectional communication axis between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain in neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression. With depression projected to be the number one health concern by 2030 and its pathophysiology yet to be fully elucidated, a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between environmental factors, such as stress and diet, with the neurobiology of depression is needed. In this review, the latest research on the effects of stress on the bidirectional connections between the brain and the gut across the most widely used animal models of stress and depression is summarised, followed by comparisons of the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota across animal models of stress and depression with possible implications for the gut–brain axis and the impact of dietary changes on these. The composition of the gut microbiota was consistently altered across the animal models investigated, although differences between each of the studies and models existed. Chronic stressors appeared to have negative effects on both brain and gut health, while supplementation with prebiotics and/or probiotics show promise in alleviating depression pathophysiology.

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Section: Serotonin and Tryptophan Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Gut Microbial Diversitymentioning

confidence: 97%

The Effects of Stress and Diet on the “Brain–Gut” and “Gut–Brain” Pathways in Animal Models of Stress and Depression

Herselman

Bailey

Bobrovskaya

2022

IJMS

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“…Mice in CAP group underwent surgery and routine examination under anaesthesia. To exclude possible effects of psychological stress on the gut microbiota (Angoa‐Perez et al, 2021; Siopi et al, 2020) and cardiovascular system (Lei et al, 2017), sham surgery and routine anaesthesia on the mice in the Con group were performed. Thus, the differences in gut microbes between the CAP and Con groups were caused only by the CAP itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota may mediate the impact of chronic apical periodontitis on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice

Gan

Zhang

et al. 2022

Int Endodontic J

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Aim: There are growing evidences linking chronic apical periodontitis (CAP) to atherosclerosis. Gut microbiota is found to be involved in the development of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have shown that CAP could change the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota. It was therefore, we hypothesized that gut microbiota and its metabolites could mediate the impact of CAP on atherosclerosis.Methodology: Twenty-four 5-week-old lipoprotein E knockout (apoE −/− ) mice were randomly divided into four groups: the CAP group, Con group, Co-CAP (cohoused with CAP) and Co-Con (cohoused with Con) group. In the CAP group, sterile cotton wool containing P. gingivalis was placed into the exposed pulp chamber, followed by coronal resin-based composite restoration of the bilateral maxillary first and second molars. In the Con group, a sham operation was performed. Biweekly, mice in the CAP group were anaesthetised to check the sealing of coronal access. Meanwhile, the animals in the Con group were anaesthetised. The cohousing approach was used to introduce gut microbiota from the CAP and Con groups into the Co-CAP and Co-Con groups, respectively. Alterations in the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota were detected using 16S rRNA sequencing, Oil-red O staining was used to demonstrate the extent of lesions, and serum levels of trimethylamine Noxide (TMAO), and immunohistochemistry of flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) in liver were used to assess TMAO-related metabolic alterations.Results: Alterations of alpha and beta diversity were shown both in the CAP and the Co-CAP groups. Moreover, the percentage of atherosclerotic lesion area increased in the CAP and Co-CAP groups (p < .05). Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) at the family level found the increases of Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae (p < .05), which were positively correlated with serum TMAO levels (p < .05). In the redundancy analysis technique (RDA), serum levels of TMAO were positively associated with the atherosclerotic lesions. Co-occurrence analysis revealed that the relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae and Porphyromonadacae were positively correlated with both the percentage of lesion area and TMAO level (p < .05).

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“…3.1.6. Conventional and Alternative Methods *** Neurotransmitters modulate the neuroendocrine network, as reflected by the peculiarities promoted following the food intake [61], whereas a lack of vitamins and minerals intensifies the GI permeability [62]. Cumulatively, this might further offer data on the underlying mechanism of gut dysbiosis [63].…”

Section: Exogenous Stressors ***mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Updated Narrative Mini-Review on the Microbiota Changes in Antenatal and Post-Partum Depression

Doroftei

Ilie

Diaconu³

et al. 2022

Diagnostics

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Background: Antenatal depression (AND) and post-partum depression (PPD) are long-term debilitating psychiatric disorders that significantly influence the composition of the gut flora of mothers and infants that starts from the intrauterine life. Not only does bacterial ratio shift impact the immune system, but it also increases the risk of potentially life-threatening disorders. Material and Methods: Therefore, we conducted a narrative mini-review aiming to gather all evidence published between 2018–2022 regarding microflora changes in all three stages of pregnancy. Results: We initially identified 47 potentially eligible studies, from which only 7 strictly report translocations; 3 were conducted on rodent models and 4 on human patients. The remaining studies were divided based on their topic, precisely focused on how probiotics, breastfeeding, diet, antidepressants, exogenous stressors, and plant-derived compounds modulate in a bidirectional way upon behavior and microbiota. Almost imperatively, dysbacteriosis cause cognitive impairments, reflected by abnormal temperament and personality traits that last up until 2 years old. Thankfully, a distinct technique that involves fecal matter transfer between individuals has been perfected over the years and was successfully translated into clinical practice. It proved to be a reliable approach in diminishing functional non- and gastrointestinal deficiencies, but a clear link between depressive women’s gastrointestinal/vaginal microbiota and clinical outcomes following reproductive procedures is yet to be established. Another gut-dysbiosis-driving factor is antibiotics, known for their potential to trigger inflammation. Fortunately, the studies conducted on mice that lack microbiota offer, without a shadow of a doubt, insight. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the microbiota is a powerful organ, and its optimum functionality is crucial, likely being the missing puzzle piece in the etiopathogenesis of psychiatric disorders.

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Responses to chronic corticosterone on brain glucocorticoid receptors, adrenal gland, and gut microbiota in mice lacking neuronal serotonin

Cited by 9 publications

References 65 publications

The Effects of Stress and Diet on the “Brain–Gut” and “Gut–Brain” Pathways in Animal Models of Stress and Depression

The Effects of Stress and Diet on the “Brain–Gut” and “Gut–Brain” Pathways in Animal Models of Stress and Depression

Gut microbiota may mediate the impact of chronic apical periodontitis on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice

An Updated Narrative Mini-Review on the Microbiota Changes in Antenatal and Post-Partum Depression

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