Responses to an acellular pertussis booster vaccination in children, adolescents, and young and older adults: A collaborative study in Finland, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom

Abstract

Background: Pertussis can lead to serious disease and even death in infants. Older adults are more vulnerable to complications as well. In high-income countries, acellular pertussis vaccines are used for priming vaccination. In the administration of booster vaccinations to different age groups and target populations there is a substantial between-country variation. We investigated the effect of age on the response to acellular pertussis booster vaccination in three European countries. Methods: This phase IV longitudinal intervention study performed in Finland, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom between October 2017 and January 2019 compared the vaccine responses between healthy participants of four age groups: children (7À10y), adolescents (11À15y), young adults (20À34y), and older adults (60À70y). All participants received a three-component acellular pertussis vaccine. Serum IgG and IgA antibody concentrations to pertussis antigens at day 0, 28, and 1 year were measured with a multiplex immunoassay, using pertussis toxin concentrations at day 28 as primary outcome. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrialsRegister.eu (2016À003,678À42). Findings: Children (n = 109), adolescents (n = 121), young adults (n = 74), and older adults (n = 75) showed high IgG antibody concentrations to pertussis toxin at day 28 with GMCs of 147 (95% CI 120À181), 161 (95% CI 132À196), 103 (95% CI 80À133), and 121 IU/ml (95% CI 94À155), respectively. A significant increase in GMCs for vaccine antigens in all age groups by 28 days was found which had decreased by 1 year. Differences in patterns of IgG GMCs at 28 days and 1 year post-vaccination did not have a consistent relationship to age. In contrast, IgA antibodies for all antigens increased with age at all timepoints. Interpretation: Acellular pertussis booster vaccination induces significant serum IgG responses to pertussis antigens across the age range which are not uniformly less in older adults. Acellular boosters could be considered for older adults to reduce the health and economic burden of pertussis.

Highly Sensitive Flow Cytometry Allows Monitoring of Changes in Circulating Immune Cells in Blood After Tdap Booster Vaccination

“…This work is done within the framework of the IMI (Innovative Medicines Initiative) PERISCOPE Consortium (https://periscope-project.eu/). In these studies, additional analyses are performed by different IMI PERISCOPE partners providing insights into Ag-specific immunity, local (mucosal) immunity, cytokine and chemokine production (44,78,79). This should yield novel insights into the extent to which current vaccines mimic naturally obtained immunity.…”

A New Electrochemiluminescence-Based Multiplex Assay for the Assessment of Human Antibody Responses to Bordetella pertussis Vaccines

“…The clinical significance is therefore considered to be minimal and thus the validated ECL assay is considered suitable for its intended use to evaluate pertussis antibodies in clinical samples. The use of a multiplexed immunoassay for assessment of antibodies against B. pertussis antigens, diphtheria, and tetanus using Luminex technology has also been previously described [36,37], and correlation with single-antigen ELISAs using purified antigens has been demonstrated [36].…”

B-Cell Immunophenotyping to Predict Vaccination Outcome in the Immunocompromised - A Systematic Review

“…respiratory pathogens, natural encounter results in IgA responses, which can be boosted upon vaccination ( 12 , 124 ). In this case, evaluation of IgA responses may complement the detection of IgG responses as vaccine read-out ( 32 , 48 , 49 , 124 ). This may be even more relevant for (alternative) vaccination routes, e.g.…”