Responses of Stomoxys Calcitrans (L.) to Radiant Energy and Their Relation to Absorption Charcteristics of the Eye

Ballard, Ralph C.

doi:10.1093/aesa/51.5.449

Cited by 8 publications

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“…S8 and Table S24). Overall, these findings are consistent with the electrophysiological and positive phototactic sensitivity of Stomoxys to light in the UV, blue, and green range of visible light [24, 98].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Functional genomics of the stable fly,Stomoxys calcitrans, reveals mechanisms underlying reproduction, host interactions, and novel targets for pest control

Pu¹,

Aksoy²,

et al. 2019

Preprint

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57Background: The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, is a major blood-feeding pest of livestock that 58 has near worldwide distribution, causing an annual cost of over $2 billion for control and product 59 loss in the United States alone. Control of these flies has been limited to increased sanitary 60 management practices and insecticide application for suppressing larval stages. Few genetic 61 and molecular resources are available to help in developing novel methods for controlling stable 62 flies. 63 64 Results: This study examines stable fly biology by utilizing a combination of high-quality 65 genome sequencing, microbiome analyses, and RNA-seq analyses targeting multiple 66 developmental stages and tissues. In conjunction, manual curation of over 1600 genes was 67 used to examine gene content related to stable fly reproduction, interactions with their host, 68 host-microbe dynamics, and putative routes for control. Most notable was establishment of 69 reproduction-associated genes and identification of expanded vision, chemosensation, immune 70 repertoire, and metabolic detoxification pathway gene families. 71 72 Conclusions: The combined sequencing, assembly, and curation of the male stable fly genome 73 followed by RNA-seq and downstream analyses provide insights necessary to understand the 74 biology of this important pest. These resources and knowledge will provide the groundwork for 75 expanding the tools available to control stable fly infestations. The close relationship of 76 Stomoxys to other blood-feeding (Glossina) and non-blood-feeding flies (medflies, Drosophila, 77 house flies) will allow for understanding the evolution of blood feeding among Cyclorrhapha 78 flies. 79 80 immunity 83 Additional File 1: Supplementary Material; Additional File 2: Supplementary Tables 84 Supplementary Dataset Files: 10 85 109 or a contaminated substrate to a susceptible host, association between specific vector and 110 pathogen is not necessary) of Equine infectious anemia, African swine fever, West Nile, and Rift 111 Valley Viruses, Trypanosoma spp., and Besnoitia spp. (reviewed by [13]). The apparent low 112 vector competence of stable flies implicates the importance of immune system pathways not 113 only in regulating larval survival in microbe-rich environments but also in the inability of 114 pathogens to survive and replicate in the adult midgut following ingestion [14-16]. 115 Stable fly mate location and recognition are largely dependent upon visual cues and contact 116 pheromones [17, 18], and gravid females identify suitable oviposition sites through a 117 combination of olfactory and contact chemostimuli along with physical cues [19, 20]. Since 118 stable flies infrequently associate with their hosts, feeding only 1 to 2 times per day, on-animal 119 5 and pesticide applications are less effective control efforts than those that integrate sanitation 120 practices with fly population suppression by way of traps [21]. Given the importance of 121 chemosensory and vision pathways, repellents have been ident...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Functional genomics of the stable fly,Stomoxys calcitrans, reveals mechanisms underlying reproduction, host interactions, and novel targets for pest control

Pu¹,

Aksoy²,

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Solar Reflectance. The spectral reßectance of Coroplast and transmittance of Alsynite was measured and related to known stable ßy wavelength sensitivities (Agee and Patterson 1983;Thimijan et al 1973;Waldbillig 1968;Ballard 1958). Reßectance measurements were taken from untreated trap surfaces, from surfaces coated with Tangle-Trap, and from surfaces after Þeld deployment for 1 wk.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physiologically, stable ßy compound eyes exhibit maximum spectral sensitivity at 360 nm and over the 450 Ð500-nm region with a peak at 490 nm (Agee and Patterson 1983). Ballard (1958) found that there was a maximum eye pigment absorption at 420 nm. Agee and Patterson (1983) found that clear Alsynite, which exhibited increased reßectance in the 380 Ð 420-nm wavelengths, was the most effective color.…”

Section: Hourly Captures By Coroplast and Alsynite Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stable ßies seem to be most phototaxic to the blue end of the spectrum (Ballard 1958). In Y-tube tests of behavioral preferences, Ballard (1958) found that male and female stable ßies, although exhibiting differences, had a peak attraction to 365 nm, gradually decreasing up to 515 nm, with a second peak at 640 nm. Waldbillig (1968) determined that female stable ßies were most responsive to the 340 Ð500-nm range.…”

Section: Hourly Captures By Coroplast and Alsynite Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Red, yellow, and green Coroplast, all three of which caught more stable ßies than blue, were entirely unreßective below 500 nm. Ballard (1958) identiÞed an area of spectral sensitivity in stable ßies at 640 nm, which is encompassed by the reßectance ranges of both red and yellow but not green. Both red and green caught more stable ßies than yellow (Table 5).…”

Section: Hourly Captures By Coroplast and Alsynite Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on the Effectiveness of Coroplast Sticky Traps for Sampling Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae), Including a Comparison to Alsynite

Beresford

Sutcliffe

2006

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Stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), are a blood-feeding pest of cattle worldwide. A new trapping material, Coroplast, was compared with Alsynite sticky traps based on the number, sex, and parity of stable flies caught. Coroplast sticky traps caught more stable flies than Alsynite (trap catches of 2384 versus 753 on 15 traps), with this increase attributed to catching more males (1531 versus 532) and nulliparous females (817 versus 175); parous catches were similar (36 versus 46). The spectral reflectance of Alsynite and Coroplast sticky traps is reported. We also examine Coroplast traps in detail with respect to trap color. Although clean sheets of Alsynite had a higher solar reflectance than Coroplast (90 versus 82% at 450 nm), Coroplast with debris had a higher reflectance than debris-covered Alsynite (62 versus 30% at 450 nm). White Coroplast was most effective, followed by closely by gray. Black and blue were the least effective trapping colors.

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10.1007/BF00290700

2011

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Responses of Stomoxys Calcitrans (L.) to Radiant Energy and Their Relation to Absorption Charcteristics of the Eye

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Functional genomics of the stable fly,Stomoxys calcitrans, reveals mechanisms underlying reproduction, host interactions, and novel targets for pest control

Functional genomics of the stable fly,Stomoxys calcitrans, reveals mechanisms underlying reproduction, host interactions, and novel targets for pest control

Studies on the Effectiveness of Coroplast Sticky Traps for Sampling Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae), Including a Comparison to Alsynite

10.1007/BF00290700

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