Responses of Specific-Pathogen-Free Chicks to Concomitant Infections of Reovirus (WVU-2937) and Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

Abstract

Specific-pathogen-free white leghorn chicks concomitantly infected with both infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and reovirus (WVU-2937) on day 1 had significantly lower (P less than 0.05) virus-neutralizing- and precipitating-antibody geometric mean titers (GMT) to reovirus than chicks infected with only reovirus on day 1 but had a similar incidence of inflammation of the metatarsal digital flexor tendons. Chicks infected with IBDV on day 7 and reovirus on day 14 had a greater incidence of inflammation of the tarsometatarsal digital flexor tendons and lower neutralizing- and precipitating-antibody GMT to reovirus than chicks infected with only reovirus on day 14. Chicks infected with both viruses on day 1 had a significantly lower (P less than 0.05) neutralizing-antibody GMT to IBDV than chicks infected with only IBDV.

Effects of experimental immunosuppression on reovirus‐induced tenosynovitis in light‐hybrid chickens

“…This also was seen in Tx + Cy birds but not in Tx birds. A similar effect of immunosuppression on the development of clinical tenosynovitis was observed in the study by Springer et al (1983) who found that when chicks pre-infected with IBDV were infected oronasally with reovirus they showed at 4 and 6 weeks a greater incidence of gross leg lesions and more severe microscopic lesions than in chicks not infected with IBDV. The greater severity of responses in infected Cy-treated birds in the present study, including mortality, may be attributed to the more severe immunosuppression of Cy compared to IBDV or to the relative virulence of the strains of reovirus used.…”

“…The greater severity of responses in infected Cy-treated birds in the present study, including mortality, may be attributed to the more severe immunosuppression of Cy compared to IBDV or to the relative virulence of the strains of reovirus used. The IBDV infection caused lower reovirus neutralising and precipitating antibody titres (Springer et al, 1983) while the Cy-treatment in the present study resulted in a complete failure to produce both types of antibody to reovirus.…”

“…We have previously shown that a major part of the viraemia in avian infection is associated with plasma (Kibenge et al, 1985). Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) which is known to cause immunosuppression with severe hypogammaglobulinaemia (Faragher et al, 1974) has been shown to increase the incidence and severity of reovirus-induced tenosynovitis (Springer et at., 1983). The effect of Cy-treatment on reovirus infection and the relative low response to Tx in the present study provide additional supportive evidence for the major role of humoral immune mechanisms in the protective response to reovirus-induced tenosynovitis.…”

“…Other factors such as diet (Cook et al, 1984 a, b) and other pathogens e.g. Staphylococcus aureus (Mackenzie and Bains, 1977;Kibenge et al, 1982), Mycoplasma synoviae (Bradbury and Garuti, 1978) and infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) (Springer et al, 1983), have been suggested to exacerbate the reovirus infection. However, relatively little has been done in determining the mechanism of protective immune response in reovirus infection in the chicken.…”

Serological and pathogenic characterization of avian reoviruses isolated in Quebec

“…Avian reovirus types AR-1 (Fahey-Crawley strain), AR-2 (strain 24) and AR-3 (strain 59) were from American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, Maryland, USA). All viruses were passaged at least 4 times in chicken embryo liver (CELi) cell cultures prepared from SPF chicken embryos (SPAFAS Inc., Storrs, Conn., USA), as described by Springer et al (1983) and plaque purified twice. The viruses were later adapted for growth in African green monkey kidney (Vero) cell lines as previously described (Rekik et al, 1990).…”