Responses of Soybean to Selected Abiotic Stresses—Photoperiod, Temperature and Water

Abstract

The sharp increase in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) acreage in the late 20th century and early 21st century is due to the demand for edible oil and feed protein. However, a limiting factor in the extent of soybean cultivation is its high heat requirements and response to photoperiod. Most varieties are short-day plants and are generally the best-yielding genotypes. At higher latitudes (longer day length), there is a delay in the occurrence of subsequent developmental stages and problems with plant maturation before the onset of autumn frost. Global warming allows the cultivation range of warm-season species (including soya) to be shifted; however, periodic droughts and very high temperatures limit crop production. Adverse weather events result in a reduction in soybean seed yield of around 30%. Environmental stresses related to day length, high and low temperatures and water shortage or excess have the greatest impact on soybean yields, as we have no influence on them and can only, to a very limited extent, offset their negative effects. This paper reviews the recent world literature on how soybean responds to these stress factors. The results of our own research were also used.

Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Active Accumulated Temperature versus Flowering Time in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

“…Low-temperature stress from germination to emergence, which is a sensitive period of soybean growth, can affect protein and cell membrane metabolism adversely. This kind of damage can cause the elongation of soybean stems to encounter obstacles, thereby affecting the flowering period [22,23].…”

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging for Environmental Stress Diagnosis in Crops

“…The developed model image showed that it enables improved interpretation according to some garlic individuals in the visualization of stress detection of garlic. Non-biological stresses such as high-temperature and soil moisture stress can cause nonlinear changes in the spectral characteristics of plants [ 64 , 65 ]. Linear models such as PLS-DA assume a linear relationship between spectral data as an independent variable and non-biological stress as the dependent variable in this study, which is the complex nonlinear relationship present in the data [ 66 ].…”

Microbiome structure variation and soybean’s defense responses during flooding stress and elevated CO2

“…Soybeans are in the top 5 important food crops around the world ( Savary et al., 2019 ), which is mostly due to their essential amino acid composition and complete protein content ( Michelfelder, 2009 ). There have been many studies investigating the physiological and/or biochemical effects of flooding on soybeans ( Khan et al., 2021 ; Komatsu et al., 2021 ; Staniak et al., 2023 ; Wang and Komatsu, 2018 ; Zhou et al., 2021 ), but few studies have investigated the shifts of its microbial communities ( Lian et al., 2023 ; Yu et al., 2022 ). For example, it has been shown that flooding stress creates signaling for cell death and proteolysis in the root tips ( Yanagawa and Komatsu, 2012 ; Nanjo et al., 2013 ), along with diminished root elongation and hypocotyl pigmentation ( Hashiguchi et al., 2009 ).…”