Responses of primary productivity to increased temperature and phytoplankton diversity

Effects of rising temperature on pelagic biogeochemistry in mesocosm systems: a comparative analysis of the AQUASHIFT Kiel experiments

“…2). In line with this, Lewandowska et al (2011) reported in a recent analysis, dealing specifically with the effect of experimental warming on algal PP in the AQUASHIFT studies, an insignificant response of particulate PP to increasing temperature. These minor differences in the temperature response of algal PP between our analysis and that of Lewandowska and co-workers likely originate from differences in the experimental time periods that were included in the calculations.…”

“…While in principle showing the same effects of warming on the timing of the bloom and characteristic features of the phytoplankton community, these experiments revealed that temperature was the main driving force behind the observed acceleration of bloom dynamics, whereas daily light dose and copepod density were equally important with temperature in regulating phytoplankton biomass, average cell size and community composition (Lewandowska and Sommer 2010;Sommer and Lewandowska 2011). Moreover, Lewandowska et al (2011) showed, using a meta-analytical approach, a direct positive effect of experimental warming on biomass-normalised primary production (PP) across all experiments, which was most pronounced at low grazing pressure and high daily light dose.…”

The response of temperate aquatic ecosystems to global warming: novel insights from a multidisciplinary project

“…Independent of the response of species richness, species replacements in time become faster under warmer temperatures (Burgmer and Hillebrand 2011;Hillebrand et al 2010Hillebrand et al , 2012. Thus, temporal species turnover is enhanced and species persistence reduced in warmed communities, both plankton and benthos.…”

Stability of marine phytoplankton communities facing stress related to global change: Interactive effects of heat waves and turbidity

“…Elevated sea surface temperature causes rapid changes in aquatic communities including changes in the abundance and spatial or seasonal distribution of marine phytoplankton as well as temporal mismatches between trophic levels (Field et al, 2014;Poloczanska et al, 2013;Thiede et al, 2016). There is an ongoing debate whether altered stratification and species composition will lead to a global decline in phytoplankton productivity (Boyce et al, 2010;Lewandowska et al, 2012;McQuatters-Gollop et al, 2011), which would be a severe change of the Earth system as marine phytoplankton provides nearly half of the global primary production (Behrenfeld et al, 2006;Thomas et al, 2012;Valiela, 2013). Additionally, phytoplankton in the ocean plays a major role in the global carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous cycles (Thomas et al, 2012) and as a base of marine food webs.…”

“…Although the response of phytoplankton to temperature and turbidity as single stressors has been well studied (Behrenfeld et al, 2006;Boyce et al, 2010;de Jorge and van Beusekom, 1995;Dzialowski et al, 2008;Lewandowska et al, 2012;Seifert et al, 2015;Sloth et al, 1996), until recently, only few studies have analysed the effect of temperature in combination with turbidity (Zehrer et al, 2015). As temperature has direct metabolic effects on cellular processes and often interacts with other factors such as light and nutrients (Boyd et al, 2010), this study focuses on the effects of an interaction between heat wave and turbidity on biovolume, diversity (number of species and their relative abundance as defined by the diversity index H′ (see Washington, 1984) and taxonomic composition of an assembled phytoplankton community.…”