Responses of Alfalfa to Stem‐Tip Inoculations with Five Isolates of <i>Sclerotinia trifoliorum</i>

Halimi, Entis Sutisna; Rowe, D. E.; Pratt, Robert G.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183x003800050011x

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Accordingly, Vå 092001 originating from a region in Norway where clover rot does not occur, was the most susceptible cv. This is in general agreement with Halimi et al. (1998), who found that alfalfa selected for resistance to one isolate of S. trifoliorum was also resistant to others.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This is not surprising, considering this fungus’ mode of sexual reproduction. Halimi et al. (1998) stated that aggressiveness differs among isolates of S. trifoliorum , but that no pathological races exist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the same legume cv. is inoculated with different isolates, differences in disease severity have been identified with respect to the isolates used (Björling, 1939; Dixon and Doodson, 1974; Halimi et al., 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Ploidy and Flowering Type of Red Clover Cultivars and of Isolate Origin on Severity of Clover Rot, Sclerotinia trifoliorum

Öhberg¹,

Ruth²,

Bång³

2005

Journal of Phytopathology

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Two complementary experiments were conducted in a controlled environment to elucidate the interactions between the fungus Sclerotinia trifoliorum Erikss. and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). In one of these studies, two hardened diploid red clover cultivars (cvs) were inoculated with 20 isolates of S. trifoliorum of various geographic origins. In the other study, 20 red clover cvs, diploid or tetraploid, including late and medium-late flowering types, were inoculated with two isolates of the fungus. Prior to inoculation, some plants were hardened by subjecting them to a low temperature and light treatment mimicking autumn conditions. Late flowering cvs were found more resistant than medium-late ones. Isolates collected in the northern region, where late cvs are grown, were significantly more aggressive than isolates from southern locations, where medium-late cvs are more prevalent. Such an adaptation has not previously been reported for this fungus. This is the first report concerning flowering type and resistance in red clover. Tetraploids were generally not more resistant than diploids. A hardening procedure for red clover plants was found to be a prerequisite for detecting the differences in disease resistance.www.blackwell-synergy.com J. Phytopathology 153, 505-511 (2005) Ó 2005 Blackwell Verlag, Berlin

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Ploidy and Flowering Type of Red Clover Cultivars and of Isolate Origin on Severity of Clover Rot, Sclerotinia trifoliorum

Öhberg¹,

Ruth²,

Bång³

2005

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Moreover, resistance breeding is efficient only when based on the recurrent selection strategy which in turn requires even more resources [6]. There are several methods developed which enable to screen breeding material in laboratory and greenhouse conditions [7,8]. However, they are more suitable for the search of resistant material for creating new cross combinations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance of lucerne (<i>Medicago</i> spp.) germinating seeds to oxalic acid

Liatukienė¹,

Liatukas²,

Ruzgas³

2009

Biologija

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Resistance to oxalic acid (OA) of 37 lucerne and 3 red clover accessions was evaluated. The seeds of test entries were germinated in Petri dishes on filter paper moistened with 7 OA water solution concentrations: 0, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, 30 mM. The test lucerne accessions did not differ by resistance to OA in regard to the origin of accessions or their development status. Accessions considerably differed by resistance at a concentration of 10 mM of OA solution. More than a third (42%) of lucerne accessions were totally susceptible to OA at conc. 30 mM. However, 0.0-23.8% of resistant seedlings of these accessions were found at OA conc. 20 mM. Lucerne accessions showing resistance (0.7-3.8%) at OA conc. 30 mM expressed a similar resistance level (3.1-26.7%) to OA conc. 20 mM as well as accessions totally susceptible to OA conc. 30 mM. The OA conc. 20 mM was adequate for selection of resistant seedlings in breeding material with a lower resistance, and conc. 30 mM was suitable for screening more resistant accessions. This method showed an efficient possibility to select seedlings resistant to OA and in turn to Sclerotinia spp. pathogens using simple materials and less work inputs as compared with methods described in the literature.

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“…Also in alfalfa, divergent selection for resistance to sclerotinia crown and stem rot (Sclerotinia trifoliorum Eriks.) using excised stems revealed significant differences in disease reactions between the selected populations (Halimi et al 1998). In addition, certain physical properties such as stem cell wall content and cuticle thickness may contribute to post-harvest resistance in alfalfa, as suggested by Babij (1997).…”

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Alfalfa resistance to post-harvest Aspergillus species: Combining ability analyses

Kimbeng¹,

Smith²,

Babij³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Alfalfa resistance to post-harvest Aspergillus species: Combining ability analyses. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84: 1193-1197. Hay making is still the most widespread technique of forage preservation. Saprophytic fungi, such as Aspergillus repens, can reduce forage quality during the post-harvest period by causing hay molding. Methods to control molding have yielded variable results, but genetic resistance has yet to be exploited. The objective of this study was to determine the mode of inheritance of resistance to post-harvest fungal growth in alfalfa. Seven parental genotypes representing a range of resistance to fungal growth (A. repens) were crossed in a complete diallel including reciprocals for a total of 42 crosses. Parental genotypes along with their progeny were screened for resistance to A. repens. The relative importance of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects in controlling resistance to post-harvest A. repens was compared. The results revealed a preponderance of GCA effects. The parent that supported the least amount of fungal growth produced progeny with the least amount of fungal coverage. The reverse was true for the more susceptible parents. The results indicate that breeding procedures that maximize additive gene effects, such as recurrent selection, could be effective in improving resistance to post-harvest fungal growth in alfalfa.Key words: Alfalfa, breeding, combining ability, resistance, Aspergillis repens, post-harvest fungi Kimbeng, C. A., Smith, S. R., Babij, V. et Wittenberg, K. M. 2004. Résistance de la luzerne aux espèces d'Aspergillus après la récolte : analyse des aptitudes à la combinaison. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84: 1193-1197. Le fanage reste la technique la plus largement répandue pour préserver les fourrages. Les champignons saprophytes tel Aspergillus repens peuvent néanmoins réduire la qualité du foin après sa récolte en en causant le moisissement. Les méthodes de lutte contre la moisissure sont plus ou moins efficaces, mais on ne s'est guère attardé à la résistance génétique. Cette étude devait établir le type de résistance aux moisissures postmessianiques inhérente chez la luzerne. Les auteurs ont croisé sept génotypes parentaux de résistance très variable aux cryptogames (A. repens) dans le cadre d'un croisement diallèle incluant des croisements réciproques, pour un total de 42 croisements. Ils ont ensuite examiné les parents et leur descendance pour établir leur degré de résistance à A. repens. Ils ont déterminé dans quelle mesure l'aptitude générale à la recombinaison et l'aptitude spécifique à la recombinaison interviennent dans la résis-tance à A. repens après la récolte. Les effets de l'aptitude générale à la recombinaison sont les plus importants. Le parent qui résiste le mieux à la contamination par le cryptogame donne la progéniture la moins attaquée par ce dernier. L'inverse est vrai pour les parents les plus sensibles. Les résultats laissent croire que les méthodes d'hybridation maximisant les effets génétiques additifs comme la sélecti...

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Responses of Alfalfa to Stem‐Tip Inoculations with Five Isolates of Sclerotinia trifoliorum

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Ploidy and Flowering Type of Red Clover Cultivars and of Isolate Origin on Severity of Clover Rot, Sclerotinia trifoliorum

Effect of Ploidy and Flowering Type of Red Clover Cultivars and of Isolate Origin on Severity of Clover Rot, Sclerotinia trifoliorum

Resistance of lucerne (<i>Medicago</i> spp.) germinating seeds to oxalic acid

Alfalfa resistance to post-harvest Aspergillus species: Combining ability analyses

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