Responses Oe Paranoid and Nonparanoid Schizophrenics in a Dichotic Listening Task

Lerner, Jacob; Nachshon, Israel; Carmon, Amiram

doi:10.1097/00005053-197704000-00003

Cited by 63 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…The finding that monaural asymmetry of paranoid schizophrenic subjects exceeded that of nonparanoid schizophrenic subjects is consistent with the findings of Lerner, Nachshon, and Carmon (1977), Gruzelier andHammond (1980), andBruder (1983), who found that on dichotic listening measures of monaural asymmetry, scores of paranoid schizophrenic subjects exceeded those of nonparanoid schizophrenic subjects. However, the overall accuracy for the paranoid schizophrenic subjects was closer to 50% than was that of the nonparanoid schizophrenic subjects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Monaural and binaural story recall by schizophrenic subjects.

Kwapil¹,

Chapman²,

Chapman³

1992

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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P. Green and other investigators have reported that schizophrenic Ss have poorer recall of stories presented to both ears than to the single best ear (binaural deficit) and poorer recall of stories presented to the left ear than to the right ear (monaural asymmetry) than do normal control Ss. These studies are plagued by potential methodological problems, including differences in overall accuracy, which artifactually affect the difference scores, and scoring methods that are vulnerable to systematic bias. In this study, scores of schizophrenic, bipolar, and normal control Ss on the Auditory Comprehension Test were compared. Scoring bias was avoided by the use of blind scoring and a revised scoring manual, and artifactual effects of accuracy were considered in interpreting the results. Contrary to previous findings, the groups did not differ on either monaural asymmetry or binaural deficit.We thank Michael B. Miller for his assistance with the diagnostic interviewing and his many helpful comments and suggestions on this research, and we thank Wendy LaBine and Glenn Chung for their work in developing the scoring manual. We also thank Kathleen Reilly, director of the Off-the-Square Club, as well as all of the members and employees of the club for their generous cooperation.We are indebted to Paul Green for providing us with the Auditory Comprehension Task manual, forms, switching apparatus, and high-quality recordings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Monaural and binaural story recall by schizophrenic subjects.

Kwapil¹,

Chapman²,

Chapman³

1992

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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“…Because REA has been found to be greater for paranoid than for nonparanoid patients with schizophrenia (Lerner et al 1977;Gruzelier and Hammond 1980), the paranoid and the nonparanoid subgroups of patients were compared. No group difference appeared, indicating that the inclusion of patients with a subdiagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia could not explain the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tests differ in acoustic content, memory load, and response format in order to tap different aspects of information processing and laterality (Berlin and McNeil 1976). Patients with schizophrenia often show an abnormally large REA (Lerner et al 1977;Lishman et al 1978;Walker and McGuire 1982;Kiyota 1987). The REA for verbal stimuli is greater for paranoid than for nonparanoid patients with schizophrenia (Lerner et al 1977;Gruzelier and Hammond 1980).…”

Section: For Review)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with schizophrenia often show an abnormally large REA (Lerner et al 1977;Lishman et al 1978;Walker and McGuire 1982;Kiyota 1987). The REA for verbal stimuli is greater for paranoid than for nonparanoid patients with schizophrenia (Lerner et al 1977;Gruzelier and Hammond 1980). However, Colbourn and Lishman (1979) tested patients with schizophrenia using synthesized CV syllables and did not find a REA, a result that also has been replicated in other studies (Kiyota 1987;Wexler et al 1991;Bruder et al 1995).…”

Section: For Review)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Auditory Laterality and Selective Attention: Normal Performance in Patients With Early-Onset Schizophrenia

Øie

Rund

Bryhn³

1998

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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In this study, auditory laterality and selective attention were examined in patients with early-onset schizophrenia using a dichotic listening (DL) test. Deficient performance on this test has repeatedly been found in adult patients with chronic schizophrenia, indicating abnormalities in left hemisphere function. The hypothesis in the present study was that subjects with early-onset schizophrenia manifest deficits in DL test performance similar to adult chronic patients. A group of 19 patients with early-onset schizophrenia were compared with a group of 20 adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and a group of 30 normal adolescents. Results indicated no significant differences between the three groups on any of the measures. Alternative hypotheses are put forth to explain the findings, among them that deficits in DL performance may be secondary to long-time illness and/or drug treatment, and that these deficits may become apparent only after interaction with maturational neurodevelopmental changes during adolescence.

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“…Using a closely similar procedure, three studies (Lerner et al 1977;Lishman et al 1978;Gruzelier & Hammond, 1979 have shown a larger lateral asymmetry in favour of the right ear in many schizophrenic patients compared with controls. Two of the studies found that this characterized paranoid schizophrenia (Gruzelier & Hammond, 1979Lerner et al 1977, as reanalysed by Nachshon, 1980). This might imply a deficit in transferring information between the hemispheres but, by controlling attentional bias to either side, the asymmetry could be explained as an overreliance on direct right ear input to the left hemisphere rather than as a defective transcallosal pathway (Gruzelier & Hammond, 1979); levels of performance did not differ between patients and controls.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral laterality and psychopathology: fact and fiction

1981

Psychol. Med.

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The plethora of reports on lateralization and psychopathology is part of the Zeitgeist that spawned ' neuroscience', and in psychology the concern with brain behaviour relations. The underpinning of abnormal behaviour with a disturbance in lateralization has long been a source of speculation (Zangwill, 1960) and more recently gained impetus from the association of schizophreniform psychoses with left-sided temporal lobe dysfunction and affective psychoses with a corresponding right hemisphere disturbance (Flor-Henry, 1969. After a decade of intensive research what can be concluded ?For those who acknowledge terra firma when morphological deficits are proven, Luchins et al. (1979) found with computer tomography that normally occurring lateral asymmetries in the width of frontal and occipital lobes were reversed more often in schizophrenia than in controls. The coincidence between the two asymmetries was not given, but frontal asymmetries were reversed in 13 % of controls and 33 % of patients, with 9 % and 25 % the corresponding percentages for occipital reversals. If reversals of function follow, they may confound comparisons between patients and controls so that in schizophrenia, and to a lesser extent in controls, group distributions of laterality scores will show asymmetries in both directions.This serves to introduce the complex methodological problems that laterality research faces. One may construe a lateralized disorder in patients not only if the normal asymmetry is absent, or reversed, but also in the presence of the normal asymmetry, provided that performance is reduced below the level of controls. It is essential, therefore, to equate the patient and comparison groups for task difficulty. Nevertheless, quite apart from the results of Luchins et al., it is not entirely satisfactory that all three possible outcomes may be considered evidence of a lateralized deficit to a single hemisphere.Fortunately, not all approaches are prone to this qualification. If a deficit is defined in terms of the nature of the psychological processing measured, instead of laterality, a conclusion may run that verbal processing compared with spatial processing was deficient, in which case the question ' to which hemisphere do verbal functions belong?' is of secondary importance. With this strategy an experiment should include tasks specific to each hemisphere which in themselves are of equal difficulty. When such requirements are met they also circumvent a major criticism that bedevils psychological studies: namely, the intrusion of factors such as motivation, test anxiety, institutionalism, etc.; such issues will usually affect both hemispheres, and the nature of a lateralized deficit is likely to be neurophysiological. Furthermore, as a global hemispheric deficit is not an issue in current theories, a matter sometimes overlooked, the tests specific to each hemisphere should possess a neuro-anatomical equivalence. This requirement is more easily met when measuring the earlier stages of processing or in tasks processed by eith...

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Responses Oe Paranoid and Nonparanoid Schizophrenics in a Dichotic Listening Task

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

Monaural and binaural story recall by schizophrenic subjects.

Monaural and binaural story recall by schizophrenic subjects.

Auditory Laterality and Selective Attention: Normal Performance in Patients With Early-Onset Schizophrenia

Cerebral laterality and psychopathology: fact and fiction

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