Response to thyrotropin of normal thyroid follicular cell strain FRTL5 in hypergravity

Meli, Antonella; Perrella, Giuseppina; Curcio, Francesco; Hemmersbach, Ruth; Neubert, J.; Impiombato, Francesco Ambesi

doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(99)80071-6

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It has been shown that FRTL-5 cells, normal rat follicular thyroid cells in continuous culture, respond to TSH in a dose-dependent manner in terms of cAMP production. At each hormonal dosage, the cellular response was increased in hypergravity (40). In addition, a significant inhibition of cAMP production was demonstrated in microgravity (41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Weightlessness Induced Apoptosis in Normal Thyroid Cells and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells via Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways

et al. 2003

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Apoptosis plays a pivotal role in development, tissue homeostasis, cancer, immune defense, and response to weightlessness. It can be initiated by external signals via death receptors, but may also emerge from mitochondria. We exposed mitochondria-rich thyroid carcinoma cells (ONCO-DG1 cell line) and normal thyroid cells (HTU-5) to conditions of simulated microgravity. After 24 h, 10% of the cancer cells had entered a Fas-dependent apoptotic pathway, but destruction and redistribution of mitochondria, microtubuli disruption, and caspase-3 activation were also detected, demonstrating the activation of extrinsic as well as intrinsic pathways. Furthermore, ONCO-DG1 cells grown on the clinostat showed elevated amounts of Bax, but reduced quantities of bcl-2. In addition, signs of apoptosis became detectable, as assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP digoxigenin nick end labeling, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, and 85-kDa apoptosis-related cleavage fragments. These fragments resulted from enhanced 116-kDa poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase activity and apoptosis. Apoptosis was also detected in normal HTU-5 cells, as demonstrated by electron microscopy, activation of caspase-3, increases in Fas and Bax, and elevation of 85-kDa apoptosis-related cleavage fragments resulting from enhanced poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity. Gravitational unloading affects the mitochondria and thereby may trigger apoptosis in thyroid cells subjected to weightlessness by clinorotation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Weightlessness Induced Apoptosis in Normal Thyroid Cells and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells via Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways

et al. 2003

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“…Hypergravity is also studied on the ground by slow-rotating centrifuges [22]. The exposition of TSH-stimulated FRTL5 cells to hypergravity (5× g and 9× g ) increases cAMP production [23]. In ML-1 cells in culture, centrifugation at 1.8× g induces significant variations of growth factor mRNAs.…”

Section: How Gravity Influences Thyroid Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Gravity on Thyroid Cells

Albi

Krüger

Hemmersbach

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Physical and mental health requires a correct functioning of the thyroid gland, which controls cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, nervous, and immune systems, and affects behavior and cognitive functions. Microgravity, as occurs during space missions, induces morphological and functional changes within the thyroid gland. Here, we review relevant experiments exposing cell cultures (normal and cancer thyroid cells) to simulated and real microgravity, as well as wild-type and transgenic mice to hypergravity and spaceflight conditions. Well-known mechanisms of damage are presented and new ones, such as changes of gene expression for extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton proteins, thyrocyte phenotype, sensitivity of thyrocytes to thyrotropin due to thyrotropin receptor modification, parafollicular cells and calcitonin production, sphingomyelin metabolism, and the expression and movement of cancer molecules from thyrocytes to colloids are highlighted. The identification of new mechanisms of thyroid injury is essential for the development of countermeasures, both on the ground and in space, against thyroid cancer. We also address the question whether normal and cancer cells show a different sensitivity concerning changes of environmental conditions.

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“…Other examples of biological adaptations to hypergravity are the remodeling of the ECM in dermal fibroblasts (20 g, 8 h; Gaubin et al, 1995), the increased production of cAMP in normal follicular thyroid cells treated with thyroid-stimulating hormone (9 g, 1 h; Meli et al, 1999), and the up-regulated heat shock protein 47 transcription in myoblasts culture and muscles (40 g, 2 h; Oguro et al, 2006). Moreover, mice exposed to moderate, short-term hypergravity (3 g, 4 h) show a greater cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox-2) transcription in the heart with respect to control animals (Oshima et al, 2005), while the marker expression is reduced by long-term hypergravity exposure (24 h).…”

Section: Other Bio-molecular Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypergravity As a Tool for Cell Stimulation: Implications in Biomedicine

Genchi

Rocca

Marino

et al. 2016

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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Gravity deeply influences numerous biological events in living organisms. Variations in gravity values induce adaptive reactions that have been shown to play important roles, for instance in cell survival, growth, and spatial organization. In this paper, we summarize effects of gravity values higher than that one experienced by cells and tissues on Earth, i.e., hypergravity, with particular attention to the nervous and the musculoskeletal systems. Besides the biological consequences that hypergravity induces in the living matter, we will discuss the possibility of exploiting this augmented force in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, and thus hypergravity significance as a new therapeutic approach both in vitro and in vivo.

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Response to thyrotropin of normal thyroid follicular cell strain FRTL5 in hypergravity

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Weightlessness Induced Apoptosis in Normal Thyroid Cells and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells via Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways

Weightlessness Induced Apoptosis in Normal Thyroid Cells and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells via Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways

Impact of Gravity on Thyroid Cells

Hypergravity As a Tool for Cell Stimulation: Implications in Biomedicine

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