Response to late Bronze Age climate change of farming communities in north east Scotland

Tipping, Richard; Davies, Althea; McCulloch, Robert; Tisdall, Eileen

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2008.03.008

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Other late Holocene abrupt cooling events in addition to the 4.2 ka and LIA are also deserving of careful attention but have rarely been explored in this region. Paleoclimatological and archaeological evidence from Eurasia indicates that the natural environment and human societies were substantially influenced by an abrupt climate change around 2.8 ka BP 36–38 . This cooling event is suggested to have arisen from a solar-induced shift in atmospheric circulation 39 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrupt Holocene climate shifts in coastal East Asia, including the 8.2 ka, 4.2 ka, and 2.8 ka BP events, and societal responses on the Korean peninsula

Park

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Holocene abrupt cooling events have long attracted attention in academia due to public concern that similar rapid changes may reappear in the near future. Thus, considerable progress has been made toward understanding these short-term cooling events in the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in Europe and North America. However, few relevant studies have been conducted in coastal East Asia due to a lack of undisturbed sample materials appropriate for paleoclimate studies. In this study, we examined Holocene abrupt drying events and the Holocene climate optimum (HCO) based on a new high-resolution multi-proxy record (pollen, mean grain size, total organic carbon, carbon/nitrogen ratio) from the south coast of Korea. Possible cultural impacts of the events were also explored using summed probability distributions (SPDs) of archaeological radiocarbon dates. Our arboreal pollen percentage (AP) data clearly indicated drying events centered at 9.8 ka, 9.2 ka, 8.2 ka, 4.7 ka, 4.2 ka, 3.7 ka, 3.2 ka, 2.8 ka, and 2.4 ka BP. The AP data also indicated that forests were severely damaged by a two-step successive drying event during the period from 8.4 ka to 8 ka BP and that the HCO lasted from ca. 7.6 ka to ca. 4.8 ka BP. According to the results of a correlation analysis, climate variations on the Korean peninsula were possibly controlled by shifts in western tropical Pacific (WTP) sea surface temperatures during the past ~5500 years. Simultaneous declines in the SPDs and AP from 2.8 ka to 2.3 ka BP may reflect a demographic reduction attributable to rapid climate deterioration on the peninsula. Refugee agriculturalists might have immigrated to Japan and developed the Yayoi culture. In this study, the 2.8 ka event and its societal impact are recognized clearly for the first time in coastal East Asia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrupt Holocene climate shifts in coastal East Asia, including the 8.2 ka, 4.2 ka, and 2.8 ka BP events, and societal responses on the Korean peninsula

Park

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…The impact of the agricultural transition on fertility and mortality has been of great interest over recent decades, with research to date indicating major changes in health (both positive and negative) following the adoption and/or intensification of agriculture globally (Armelagos, Goodman, Jacobs, & Kenneth, ; Bellwood & Oxenham, ; Bocquet‐Appel & Naji, ; Buikstra, Konigsberg, & Bullington, ; Cohen & Armelagos ; Eshed, Gopher, Gage, & Hershkovitz, ; Gage & Dewitte, ; Hershkovitz & Gopher, ; Kuijt, ; Kuijt & Goring‐Morris, ; Larsen ; Oxenham, Nguyen, & Nguyen, ; Papathanasiou, ). Also of significant interest at present are the impacts of past climate change on human populations as indicated by shifts in demographic profiles (deMenocal, ; Tipping, Davies, McCulloch, & Tisdall, ; Turney, Baillie, Palmer, & Brown, ; Turney & Brown, ; Van de Noort, ). Notwithstanding, several key issues underpin paleodemography, with the predominant concerns at present being the inaccuracy of age‐at‐death estimation techniques, nonstationarity of populations, and underenumeration of infants (Bocquet‐Appel & Masset, ; Buikstra & Konigsberg, ; Paine & Harpending, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The D0‐14/D ratio: A new paleodemographic index and equation for estimating total fertility rates

McFadden

Oxenham

2017

American J Phys Anthropol

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The exclusion of infants can result in inaccurate demographic measures, particularly where subadults aged over 5 years of age experience robust survivorship. In addition to providing a solution for sites with good infant representation, this study indicates that the 0-4 years of age category possesses great predictive power when compared to other age categories. The regression equation provides a total fertility rate which is comparable with data regardless of their temporal origin. This method will provide more accurate demographic measures for bioarcheological sites with good infant preservation.

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“…Tipping et al . ), do not appear to apply to the Isle of Purbeck, where farming communities appear to have thrived during these centuries. The idea that certain areas of southern England prospered when others declined is lent further support by the change in economic and settlement activity from the Middle to the Upper Thames Valley around 800 BC (Lambrick et al .…”

Section: Landscape Settlements and Craft Practices On The Isle Of Pumentioning

confidence: 97%

Collapsing Commodities or Lavish Offerings? Understanding Massive Metalwork Deposition at Langton Matravers, Dorset During the Bronze Age–Iron Age Transition

Roberts¹,

Boughton²,

Dinwiddy³

et al. 2015

Oxford J Archaeology

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The discovery of 373 intact and broken tin-bronze socketed axes accompanied by 404 fragments in four pits at Langton Matravers collectively represents one of the largest hoards found to date in prehistoric Britain and Ireland. They were very probably never meant to be used as axes as the very high levels of tin they contain would have made them brittle. Many were poorly finished, with the majority still containing their casting cores. The axes are typologically dated to the Llyn Fawr metalwork phase (c.800-600 BC) and span the Bronze Age/Iron Age transition, when the production, circulation and deposition of bronze appear to have been substantially reduced throughout north-west Europe. By placing the Langton Matravers hoard(s) in a broader metallurgical, material and archaeological context, existing theories for this phenomenon, such as the preference for iron, a collapse in bronze supply, or the sharp devaluation of a social or ritual 'bronze standard', are evaluated. It is proposed that the Langton Matravers axes belong to a short phase in the centuries-long processes underlying the changing roles of bronze and iron.OXFORD JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY 34(4) 365-395 2015 Figure 3The axes as found and photographed by the finders -pit number unknown (from Wessex Archaeology 2008).

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Response to late Bronze Age climate change of farming communities in north east Scotland

Cited by 26 publications

References 34 publications

Abrupt Holocene climate shifts in coastal East Asia, including the 8.2 ka, 4.2 ka, and 2.8 ka BP events, and societal responses on the Korean peninsula

Abrupt Holocene climate shifts in coastal East Asia, including the 8.2 ka, 4.2 ka, and 2.8 ka BP events, and societal responses on the Korean peninsula

The D0‐14/D ratio: A new paleodemographic index and equation for estimating total fertility rates

Collapsing Commodities or Lavish Offerings? Understanding Massive Metalwork Deposition at Langton Matravers, Dorset During the Bronze Age–Iron Age Transition

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