Response to Environmental Stress as a Global Phenomenon in Biology: The Example of Microorganisms

Thammavongs, Bouachanh; Denou, Emmanuel; Missous, Ghalia; Guéguen, M.; Panoff, Jean-Michel

doi:10.1264/jsme2.me07203e

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Stresses affecting biological functions are classified according to two categories: (i) abiotic including physical and chemical stresses, and (ii) biotic. Furthermore, the stress response in biology, actually considered as a global phenomenon, can be extended to anthropogenic pressure such as genetic engineering or xenobiotics (including Roundup) pollution [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Roundup® and Glyphosate on Three Food Microorganisms: Geotrichum candidum, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus

et al. 2012

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Use of many pesticide products poses the problem of their effects on environment and health. Amongst them, the effects of glyphosate with its adjuvants and its by-products are regularly discussed. The aim of the present study was to shed light on the real impact on biodiversity and ecosystems of Roundup(®), a major herbicide used worldwide, and the glyphosate it contains, by the study of their effects on growth and viability of microbial models, namely, on three food microorganisms (Geotrichum candidum, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus) widely used as starters in traditional and industrial dairy technologies. The presented results evidence that Roundup(®) has an inhibitory effect on microbial growth and a microbicide effect at lower concentrations than those recommended in agriculture. Interestingly, glyphosate at these levels has no significant effect on the three studied microorganisms. Our work is consistent with previous studies which demonstrated that the toxic effect of glyphosate was amplified by its formulation adjuvants on different human cells and other eukaryotic models. Moreover, these results should be considered in the understanding of the loss of microbiodiversity and microbial concentration observed in raw milk for many years.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Roundup® and Glyphosate on Three Food Microorganisms: Geotrichum candidum, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus

et al. 2012

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“…The processes required in those domains implied specific biotechnologies in order to ensure optimal long-term viability, activity and genetic stability. The main preservation methods for microorganisms, also considered as stresses (Thammavongs et al 2008), are freezing (Yamasato et al 1973; Hubalek 1996; Thammavongs et al 2004), freeze-drying (Benedict et al 1961; Morgan et al 2006) and spray drying (Corcoran et al 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationship between growth behaviour, micro and macroscopic morphologies and freezing sensitivity of the ripening starterGeotrichum candidumis strain specific and mostly related to the morphotypes: the arthrospores/hyphae parameter

Missous

Thammavongs

Launay³

et al. 2010

Journal of Dairy Research

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Microscopic conformation, growth behaviour and freezing sensitivity of seven strains of Geotrichum candidum, a ripening starter, were studied and compared according to their macroscopic morphotypes. It has been shown that the thallus forming units (TFU)×ml-1/OD600nm ratio as a function of time is an interesting parameter to follow G. candidum sporulation through the growth behaviour. Microscopic conformation, growth behaviour and freezing sensitivity are clearly strain specific and mostly related to their corresponding morphotypes "yeast", "mould" or "intermediate". The two "mould" strains that sporulate weakly (UCMA103, UCMA499) showed a low survival rate to freezing stress whereas the "yeast" strains expressed a significant resistance owing to the arthrospore abundance. Interestingly, one strain (UCMA96) which appeared on solid medium in accord with the "mould" morphotype respond similarly to freezing stress.

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Response to Environmental Stress as a Global Phenomenon in Biology: The Example of Microorganisms

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Roundup® and Glyphosate on Three Food Microorganisms: Geotrichum candidum, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus

Effects of Roundup® and Glyphosate on Three Food Microorganisms: Geotrichum candidum, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus

Relationship between growth behaviour, micro and macroscopic morphologies and freezing sensitivity of the ripening starterGeotrichum candidumis strain specific and mostly related to the morphotypes: the arthrospores/hyphae parameter

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