Response to ‘‘Comment on ‘Temporal response of a high-c superconducting field effect transistor’ ’’ [Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 2589 (1996)]

In situ detection of two-stage crystallization in ZrTiCuNiBe under high pressure and high temperature

“…The bulk metallic glass (BMG) Zr 41.2 Ti 13.8 Cu 12.5 Ni 10 Be 22.5 which has exceptional glassforming ability and reasonable thermodynamic stability against crystallization over a wide range of 100 K above the glass transition temperature has provided a means to extend our understanding of phase transition kinetics of glass-forming alloys in the supercooled liquid state [1,2]. The complex constitution and relatively high stability against crystallization of this BMG lead to a different crystallization behaviour compared with conventional metallic glasses.…”

Electrical transport and low-field magnetoresistance in the series of mixed polycrystals (1-m)La2/3Ca1/3MnO3+mLa2/3Sr1/3MnO3

“…Besides the CMR, growing attention is also being paid to another kind of magnetoresistance [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], namely the so-called low-field magnetoresistance (LFMR). The LFMR is thought to be extrinsic in nature and its origin lies in the existence of grain boundaries.…”

“…The LFMR is thought to be extrinsic in nature and its origin lies in the existence of grain boundaries. Many methods are used for synthesizing fine grains in order to increase the boundary effect and hence to improve the LFMR, for example the sol-gel method [6], the mechanical alloying method [8] and mechanochemical processing [11]. From a practical viewpoint, both the larger MR effect at low fields and the temperature-independent MR behaviour over a wide temperature window around room temperature are of importance.…”

Generation of tunable hypersonic phonons from two-dimensional electron gases under free-electron laser radiations

“…Accordingly, the exploration of hypersonic sources has recently received a considerable attention. It has been realised that GaAs-based two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) can serve as hypersonic generators [3], [4]. The relevant physical mechanism is the emission of acoustic (AC) phonons by hot electrons in the device system.…”

“…Over the past two decades, the generation of AC-phonon emission from 2DEGs has been achieved by electrical means in, e.g., phonon emission experiments [5], [6] where 1) the electrons are heated by a pulsed electric field; 2) the emission of AC-phonons by electrons is measured by using, e.g., superconducting bolometers; and 3) the generated transverse and longitudinal phonon modes are resolved by time-of-flight measurements. Due to the feature of electron-phonon interactions in a dimensionally reduced electronic system, phonon emission from a 2DEG has a strong dependence on the angle and frequency [3]- [6]. The results obtained have indicated that by electrical generation of AC-phonon emission from a GaAs-based 2DEG with fixed sample parameters, it is difficult to tune the frequency and angle of the AC phonons generated from the device.…”