Measurement of asbestos in settled dust has been
suggested as a surrogate for past and potential future
airborne exposures. While conceptually appealing,
identification and quantitation of those respirable
particles that either were airborne or could become
airborne through re-entrainment are complex and
difficult tasks. Round robin testing of a draft ASTM
method [The method has recently been balloted
and passed by ASTM as Method D-5755.] for determining
asbestos in dust was performed to assess the vari
ability of the method and the impact of large,
non-respirable asbestos-containing particles on the
reported numerical concentration of respirable
asbestos structures. Tests conducted using single,
non-respirable particles of asbestos or asbestos-containing materials (ACM) indicate that these large
particles can give apparent concentrations of
asbestos in the dust on the order of millions of
structures
per square centimeter. Coefficients of variation (CV)
ranged up to 2 for these tests, primarily the result of
variable application of the indirect preparation
procedure. A second series of tests was conducted
using simulated building dusts. ACM dust was blown
throughout a controlled chamber, and the resulting
settled dust was sampled and distributed to
participating laboratories. These results indicate
that
the interlaboratory CV is similar to that of the first
tests, but can be reduced to 0.8 if restrictions are
placed
on the indirect sample preparation procedure. There
was no statistically significant difference in the
concentration of asbestos collected from three different
surfaces, but this is the result of limited data and
highly variable results. Overall, these tests
indicate
that the analysis of surface dusts using indirect
sample preparation should be limited to qualitative
evaluation as to the presence of asbestos in the surface
dust.