Response to Comment on Cho et al. Antidiabetic Medications and Mortality Risk in Individuals With Pancreatic Cancer–Related Diabetes and Postpancreatitis Diabetes: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2019;42:1675–1683

Cho, Jaelim; Petrov, Maxim S.

doi:10.2337/dci19-0047

Diabetes Care

2019

DOI: 10.2337/dci19-0047

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Response to Comment on Cho et al. Antidiabetic Medications and Mortality Risk in Individuals With Pancreatic Cancer–Related Diabetes and Postpancreatitis Diabetes: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2019;42:1675–1683

Jaelim Cho

Maxim S. Petrov

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2021

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Cited by 2 publications

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DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus: prime time for secondary disease

Petrov

2021

European Journal of Endocrinology

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While most people with diabetes have type 2 disease, a non-negligible minority develops a secondary diabetes. Post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM) is an exemplar secondary diabetes that represents a sequela of pancreatitis - the most common disease of the exocrine pancreas. Although this type of diabetes has been known as a clinical entity since the late 19th century, early 21st century high-quality epidemiological, clinical, and translational studies from around the world have amassed a sizeable body of knowledge that have led to a renewed understanding of PPDM. People have at least two-fold higher lifetime risk of developing diabetes after an attack of pancreatitis than those in the general population without history of diseases of the exocrine pancreas. PPDM is caused by acute pancreatitis (including non-necrotising pancreatitis, which constitutes the majority of acute pancreatitis) in four-fifth of cases and chronic pancreatitis in one-fifth of cases. Moreover, the frequency of incident diabetes is not considerably lower after acute pancreatitis than after chronic pancreatitis. Recurrent attacks of pancreatitis and exocrine pancreatic dysfunction portend high risk for PPDM, but are not mandatory for its development. Further, young- or middle-aged non-obese men have an increased risk of developing PPDM. In comparison with type 2 diabetes, PPDM is characterised by poorer glycaemic control, higher risk of developing cancer (in particular, pancreatic cancer), younger age at death, and higher risk of mortality. Metformin monotherapy is recommended as first-line therapy for PPDM. Appropriate screening of individuals after an attack of pancreatitis, correct identification of PPDM, and apposite management is crucial with a view to improving the outcomes of this secondary but not inappreciable disease.

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DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus: prime time for secondary disease

Petrov

2021

European Journal of Endocrinology

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DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Diagnosing and classifying diabetes in diseases of the exocrine pancreas

Petrov

Basina

2021

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Diabetes in the setting of diseases of the exocrine pancreas has long existed as a known, but underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, disorder. It currently finds itself in a state of taxonomic dereliction and requires a long overdue refurbishment. Correct conceptualisation is a key precondition for knowledge development in this disorder. This article lays out the epistemiological foundation for diabetes of the exocrine pancreas (DEP) and presents a synthesis of the current interdisciplinary discourse on diagnosing and classifying DEP. The diagnosis of DEP is generally based on the most up-to-date biochemical criteria endorsed by the American Diabetes Association and European Association for the Study of Diabetes. The presence of exocrine pancreatic dysfunction is not considered a mandatory diagnostic criterion for DEP but is rather a significant risk factor for developing DEP. DEP principally comprises post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus, pancreatic cancer-related diabetes, and cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, which are mutually exclusive with autoimmune diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Other exclusions and stipulations apply. The DEP criteria will be instrumental in aiding optimal design and conduct of clinical studies, uniform collection of health utilisation data, meaningful comparison of scientific findings across countries, and clear communication among stakeholders (healthcare providers, patients, health regulatory authorities, pharmaceutical industry).

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Response to Comment on Cho et al. Antidiabetic Medications and Mortality Risk in Individuals With Pancreatic Cancer–Related Diabetes and Postpancreatitis Diabetes: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2019;42:1675–1683

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus: prime time for secondary disease

DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus: prime time for secondary disease

DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Diagnosing and classifying diabetes in diseases of the exocrine pancreas

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