Response to climate risks among smallholder farmers in Malawi: A multivariate probit assessment of the role of information, household demographics, and farm characteristics

Mulwa, Chalmers; Marenya, Paswel; Rahut, Dil Bahadur; Kassie, Menale

doi:10.1016/j.crm.2017.01.002

Cited by 207 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Farmers who did not rely on the government for any support were more likely to adopt these strategies than their counterparts. Mulwa et al () similarly recorded both significant positive and negative impacts of reliance on the government for support and farmers’ adoption of climate change adaptive strategies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate change adaptation actions by fish farmers: evidence from the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Onyeneke¹,

Igberi²,

Aligbe

et al. 2019

Aus J Agri & Res Econ

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This paper examined climate change adaptation strategies in fish farming and the effect of such methods on the profit of fish farmers in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, Africa’s most populous country. Using cross‐sectional data obtained from 420 fish farmers from the region and applying multivariate probit and instrumental variable regressions, the study found that fish farmers have adopted a broad range of strategies to address climate risk and that these have significantly increased farmers’ profit. Our findings indicated important relationships between certain farm, socio‐economic and institutional characteristics and the adaptation actions. The study provides useful insight into factors that potentially encourage the adoption of livelihood‐enhancing climate risk adaptation strategies by fish farmers in the Niger Delta region and similar contexts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“….,9 are the adopted climate risk adaptation actions. X is a vector of the exogenous variables; b, parameter estimates of the exogenous variables; and e, random error vectors distributed as a multivariate normal distribution with zero mean, unitary variance and an n 9 n correlation matrix (Mulwa et al 2017).…”

Section: Econometric Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change adaptation actions by fish farmers: evidence from the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Onyeneke¹,

Igberi²,

Aligbe

et al. 2019

Aus J Agri & Res Econ

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“…In East Africa, for instance, studies in Kenya, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda estimate the number of certain populations that are able to access WCS in the range of 15-82%, with lower estimates for pastoralist versus farming communities and some indication that men are more able to access climate information than women Lybbert, Barrett, McPeak, & Luseno, 2007;Ngugi, Mureithi, & Kamande, 2011;Oyekale, 2015). In Southern Africa, estimates in Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia and Zimbabwe range from 27 to 86%, with an indication that radio is the primary source by which farmers access weather and climate information (Coulibaly, Kundhlande, Tall, Kaur, & Hansen, 2015;Mudombi & Nhamo, 2014;Mulwa, Marenya, Bahadur, & Kassie, 2017;O'Brien, 2000;Zamasiya, Nyikahadzoi, & Mukamuri, 2017;Zuma-Netshiukhwi, Stigter, & Walker, 2013). Evidence also suggests that weather information is more accessible than seasonal forecasts in this region (Lazo, 2015).…”

Section: Variable Access To Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating agricultural weather and climate services in Africa: Evidence, methods, and a learning agenda

Vaughan¹,

Hansen²,

Roudier

et al. 2019

WIREs Climate Change

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Weather and climate services (WCS) are expected to improve the capacity of Africa's agricultural sector to manage the risks of climate variability and change. Despite this, a lack of evidence prevents a realistic analysis of whether such services are delivering on their potential. This paper reviews 66 studies that have evaluated outcomes and/or impacts of agricultural WCS in Africa, highlighting areas that have received relatively more attention as well as persistent gaps. While the evaluation of WCS outcomes is relatively straightforward, estimates of the number of people who access and use these services are uneven (covering a small number of communities in 23 of 54 African countries) and highly variable (with access estimates ranging from ~2 to 86%, depending on the service and the population). Meanwhile, 22 documents estimate the impact of WCS with respect to yields and/or income. Developed with a variety of methods, these estimates are also wide ranging and illustrate how impact is conditioned on a number of characteristics of the service, the user, and the context in which both operate. The paper uses lessons developed through this review to develop a “learning agenda,” or evidence‐building roadmap, to establish priorities that can guide work to improve the design, delivery, and impact of agricultural WCS in Africa. Priority learning areas include activities that can strengthen the evidence of access, use, and impacts of WCS, along with those that can advance the use and usability of evidence so as to improve the design and targeting of WCS services. This article is categorized under: Assessing Impacts of Climate Change > Evaluating Future Impacts of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Learning from Cases and Analogies

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“…This may be attributed to resource endowment characteristics and the higher labour availability of male-headed households. For instance Mulwa, Marenya, Rahut, and Kassie (2017) found that the availability of male family labour conditioned the adoption of soil and water conservation measures in Malawi. However, large households are likely to spend most of their income on food and other basic needs.…”

Section: Drivers and Barriers Of Adoption Of Sipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of sustainable intensification in Kenyan rural and peri-urban vegetable production

Kurgat

Ngenoh

Bett

et al. 2018

International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability

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Sustainable intensification promotes environmentally sound and productive agriculture. However, use of sustainable intensification practices (SIPs) is low in many sub-Sharan African countries. This study examined the adoption of SIPs in Kenyan rural and peri-urban vegetable production to understand the scale of and underlying factors in the use of SIPs. A multistage sampling technique was employed to randomly select 685 rural and peri-urban vegetable farm households. Household data was then collected and anaylsed for four practices namely improved irrigation, integrated soil fertility, organic manure and crop diversification using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. A multivariate probit model was run to model simultaneous interdependent adoption decisions. Adoption of organic manure and African indigenous vegetables (AIV) diversification was high in both rural and peri-urban areas. However, adoption of improved irrigation systems and integrated soil fertility management was low, and even significantly lower in rural areas than in peri-urban areas (p < 0.041). Similarly, adoption intensity of SIPs was lower in rural areas than in peri-urban areas. Furthermore, the findings also show complementarities and substitutabilities between SIPs. Market integration, the farm location and household income were the major factors heavily influencing the adoption of most SIPs. Policies and programmes that seek to build household financial capital base and integrate farm households into effective and efficient vegetable markets need to be formulated and implemented in order to enhance adoption of SIPs in AIV production.

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Response to climate risks among smallholder farmers in Malawi: A multivariate probit assessment of the role of information, household demographics, and farm characteristics

Cited by 207 publications

References 25 publications

Climate change adaptation actions by fish farmers: evidence from the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Climate change adaptation actions by fish farmers: evidence from the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Evaluating agricultural weather and climate services in Africa: Evidence, methods, and a learning agenda

Drivers of sustainable intensification in Kenyan rural and peri-urban vegetable production

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