Response Surface Optimization of Extraction Conditions and In Vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Evaluation of an Under-Valued Medicinal Weed, Mimosa pudica

Abstract

Mimosa pudica Linn is a well-known perennial herb and is traditionally used in ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of various illnesses. Despite its abundance in nature, the therapeutic potential of this invasive weed is deemed to be underappreciated in Malaysia. Previous studies have found an abundance of bioactive compounds associated with potent antioxidant properties in all parts of the plant. However, the optimum parameters required for the extraction of antioxidant compounds are still unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to optimize the solvent extraction parameters of M. pudica using response surface methodology to enrich the accumulation of antioxidant compounds in the extracts. The effects of the optimized M. pudica extracts were then evaluated on the cell viability and glucose uptake ability in a 3T3-L1 adipocyte cell line. The highest total phenolic (91.98 mg of gallic acid equivalent per g of the dry extract) and total flavonoid content (606.31 mg of quercetin equivalent per g of the dry extract) were recorded when using 100% ethanol that was five-fold and three-fold higher, respectively, as compared to using 50% ethanol. The extract concentration required to achieve 50% of antioxidant activity (IC50 value) was 42.0 µg/mL using 100% ethanol as compared to 975.03 µg/mL using 50% ethanol. The results indicated that the use of 100% ethanol solvent had the greatest impact on the accumulation of antioxidant compounds in the extract (p < 0.05). Cell viability assay revealed that all extract concentration treatments recorded a viability level of above 50%. Glucose uptake assay using 2-NBDG analog showed that the cells treated with 50 µg/mL extract combined with insulin were five-fold higher than the control group. Given the high antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of this plant, M. pudica can be easily highlighted as a plant subject of interest, which warrants further investigation for nutraceutical prospects.

Response Surface Methodology Applied to the Optimization of the Preparation of Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Extracts from Phragmanthera capitata (Spreng.) Balle: Effect of Particle Size, Powder-to-Solvent Ratio, and Temperature

“…Altemimi et al [30] concluded that the amounts of rutin and quercetin from peach and pumpkin extracts quickly increased and reached the maximum value with increasing extraction temperature from 30 to 41.08 °C and then decreased due to thermal degradation of these avonoids. Indeed, it was found that higher temperatures promoted degradation reactions such as the epimerization and oxidation of compounds, which could explain the loss of phenolic content and decrease the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of extracts [31]. e e ect of extraction temperature was re ected in the GC-MS pro le of P. capitata ethyl acetate extracts at di erent extraction temperatures.…”

Ultrasonication and RSM-based optimization of antioxidant activity, saccharide composition and fatty acids from Phoenix dactylifera L. Medjool date seeds influenced by ethanol

“…While it has been observed that tannin constituents can solely be extracted using solvents possessing a dielectric constant greater than 20, such as ethanol. A plethora of research studies also have consistently demonstrated a correlation between ABTS •+ activity and the levels of total phenolic and flavonoid content (TPC and TFC) found in various plants, including P. dactylifera fruits [34] and Mimosa pudica [35]. Furthermore, previous studies have contributed to the present findings, indicating that an optimal ethanol concentration of approximately 80-85 v/v% is necessary to achieve the highest total phenolic content in Curcuma zedoaria leaves and distillery stillage from cereals [36,37].…”

Revisiting In vitro Micropropagation Protocols of Mimosa pudica for Enhanced Seed Germination, Shoot Multiplication, and Root Initiation

“…Mimosa pudica is a medicinal plant known for its sensitive trait in which its leaves fold inward and droop as a form of defensive response. In previous reports, M. pudica has been demonstrated to possess promising antioxidant and antidiabetic properties (Baharuddin et al, 2021). The significant amount of phenols and flavonoids in M. pudica extract, especially when extracted using optimal solvent extraction techniques, has positioned it as the next valuable medicinal plant species to be regenerated in vitro.…”