Response suppression contributes to recency in serial recall

Farrell, Simon; Lewandowsky, Stephan

doi:10.3758/s13421-012-0212-6

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…A contribution of response suppression to recency in the forward recall of verbal sequences has been demonstrated in a conditional analysis of the recency effect by Farrell and Lewandowsky (2012). Across a large number of serial recall studies, these authors examined the accuracy of recall of the last item on those trials in which exactly two errors occurred in all but the final serial position.…”

Section: Selection Of Principlesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research.

Hurlstone¹,

Hitch²,

Baddeley³

2014

Psychological Bulletin

287

335

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From vocabulary learning to imitating sequences of motor actions, the ability to plan, represent, and recall a novel sequence of items in the correct order is fundamental for many verbal and nonverbal higher level cognitive activities. Here we review phenomena of serial order documented across the verbal, visual, and spatial short-term memory domains and interpret them with reference to the principles of serial order and ancillary assumptions instantiated in contemporary computational theories of memory for serial order. We propose that functional similarities across domains buttress the notion that verbal, visual, and spatial sequences are planned and controlled by a competitive queuing (CQ) mechanism in which items are simultaneously active in parallel and the strongest item is chosen for output. Within the verbal short-term memory CQ system, evidence suggests that serial order is represented via a primacy gradient, position marking, response suppression, and cumulative matching. Evidence further indicates that output interference operates during recall and that item similarity effects manifest during both serial order encoding and retrieval. By contrast, the principles underlying the representation of serial order in the visual and spatial CQ systems are unclear, largely because the relevant studies have yet to be performed. In the spatial domain, there is some evidence for a primacy gradient and position marking, whereas in the visual domain there is no direct evidence for either of the principles of serial order. We conclude by proposing some directions for future research designed to bridge this and other theoretical gaps in the literature.

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Section: Selection Of Principlesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research.

Hurlstone¹,

Hitch²,

Baddeley³

2014

Psychological Bulletin

287

335

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We analyzed data from 19 experiments that were previously examined for different purposes in a recent article (Farrell & Lewandowsky, 2012). The details of the experiments are given in Table 1.…”

Section: Analysis Of Typical Serial Recall Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of the experiments varied the timing of the presentation of stimuli within or between sequences in order to examine phenomena such as purported temporal isolation effects (Farrell, 2008; Lewandowsky, B r o w n , Wr i g h t , & N i m m o , 2 0 0 6 ; , while others varied the nature and timing of distracting activity following list presentation (Lewandowsky, Geiger, Morrell, & Oberauer, 2010;Lewandowsky, Geiger, & Oberauer, 2008). Finally, several other experiments were run primarily to examine other aspects of performance, such as response latencies (Farrell & Lewandowsky, 2004) and sequential dependencies affecting the recency effect (Farrell & Lewandowsky, 2012).…”

Section: Analysis Of Typical Serial Recall Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential dependencies in recall of sequences: Filling in the blanks

Farrell¹,

Hurlstone

Lewandowsky

2013

Mem Cogn

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Sequential dependencies can provide valuable information about the processes supporting memory, particularly memory for serial order. Earlier analyses have suggested that anticipation errors-reporting items ahead of their correct position in the sequence-tend to be followed by recall of the displaced item, consistent with primacy gradient models of serial recall. However, a more recent analysis instead suggests that anticipation errors are followed by further anticipation errors, consistent with chaining models. We report analyses of 21 conditions from published serial recall data sets, in which we observed a systematic pattern whereby anticipations tended to be followed by the "filling in" of displaced items. We note that cases where a different pattern held tended to apply to recall of longer lists under serial learning conditions or to conditions where participants were free to skip over items. Although the different patterns that can be observed might imply a dissociation (e.g., between short-and long-term memory), we show that these different patterns are naturally predicted by Farrell's (Psychological Review 119:223-271, 2012) model of short-term and episodic memory and relate to whether or not spontaneously formed groups of items can be skipped over during recall.

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“…Although y= is not identical to y, it resembles y as indicated by its cosine with y (0.93). 1 Our representation assumptions are fundamentally the same as used by Lewandowsky and Murdock (1989; see also Franklin, 2013;Franklin & Mewhort, 2002). Like Lewandowsky and Murdock, we use a hologram for memory.…”

Section: Implementing the Theorymentioning

confidence: 98%

Memory as a hologram: An analysis of learning and recall.

Franklin¹,

Mewhort²

2015

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne

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We present a holographic theory of human memory. According to the theory, a subject's vocabulary resides in a dynamic distributed representation-a hologram. Studying or recalling a word alters both the existing representation of that word in the hologram and all words associated with it. Recall is always prompted by a recall cue (either a start instruction or the word just recalled). Order of report is a joint function of the item and associative information residing in the hologram at the time the report is made. We apply the model to archival data involving simple free recall, learning in multitrial free recall, simple serial recall, and learning in multitrial serial recall. The model captures accuracy and order of report in both free and serial recall. It also captures learning and subjective organisation in multitrial free recall. We offer the model as an alternative to the short- and long-term account of memory postulated in the modal model.

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Response suppression contributes to recency in serial recall

Cited by 24 publications

References 46 publications

Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research.

Memory for serial order across domains: An overview of the literature and directions for future research.

Sequential dependencies in recall of sequences: Filling in the blanks

Memory as a hologram: An analysis of learning and recall.

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