Response rate, response time, and economic costs of survey research: A randomized trial of practicing pharmacists

Hardigan, Patrick C.; Popovici, Ioana; Carvajal, Manuel J.

doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2015.07.003

Cited by 93 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Although there is no ideal percentage, a higher response rate to our questionnaire would have been desirable. However, our first survey (LIVEN-1) had a similar return rate (52%) [ 6 ], which is in line with the declining response rates to surveys over the years [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

The practice of intensive care in Latin America: a survey of academic intensivists

Castro

Nin²,

Ríos

et al. 2018

Crit Care

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BackgroundIntensive care medicine is a relatively young discipline that has rapidly grown into a full-fledged medical subspecialty. Intensivists are responsible for managing an ever-increasing number of patients with complex, life-threatening diseases. Several factors may influence their performance, including age, training, experience, workload, and socioeconomic context. The aim of this study was to examine individual- and work-related aspects of the Latin American intensivist workforce, mainly with academic appointments, which might influence the quality of care provided. In consequence, we conducted a cross-sectional study of intensivists at public and private academic and nonacademic Latin American intensive care units (ICUs) through a web-based electronic survey submitted by email. Questions about personal aspects, work-related topics, and general clinical workflow were incorporated.ResultsOur study comprised 735 survey respondents (53% return rate) with the following country-specific breakdown: Brazil (29%); Argentina (19%); Chile (17%); Uruguay (12%); Ecuador (9%); Mexico (7%); Colombia (5%); and Bolivia, Peru, Guatemala, and Paraguay combined (2%). Latin American intensivists were predominantly male (68%) young adults (median age, 40 [IQR, 35–48] years) with a median clinical ICU experience of 10 (IQR, 5–20) years. The median weekly workload was 60 (IQR, 47–70) h. ICU formal training was between 2 and 4 years. Only 63% of academic ICUs performed multidisciplinary rounds. Most intensivists (85%) reported adequate conditions to manage patients with septic shock in their units. Unsatisfactory conditions were attributed to insufficient technology (11%), laboratory support (5%), imaging resources (5%), and drug shortages (5%). Seventy percent of intensivists participated in research, and 54% read scientific studies regularly, whereas 32% read no more than one scientific study per month. Research grants and pharmaceutical sponsorship are unusual funding sources in Latin America. Although Latin American intensivists are mostly unsatisfied with their income (81%), only a minority (27%) considered changing to another specialty before retirement.ConclusionsLatin American intensivists constitute a predominantly young adult workforce, mostly formally trained, have a high workload, and most are interested in research. They are under important limitations owing to resource constraints and overt dissatisfaction. Latin America may be representative of other world areas with similar challenges for intensivists. Specific initiatives aimed at addressing these situations need to be devised to improve the quality of critical care delivery in Latin America.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13054-018-1956-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

The practice of intensive care in Latin America: a survey of academic intensivists

Castro

Nin²,

Ríos

et al. 2018

Crit Care

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“…We acknowledge that the response rate puts the analysis at risk for nonresponse bias. However, a response rate of 57% among health professionals is about average or higher than average as reported in the literature [15][16][17][18][19]. Despite these limitations, the findings from this study make an important contribution to defining an optimal social worker care model in HCT.…”

Section: Table 2 Themes and Representative Comments Highlighting Clinmentioning

confidence: 79%

Perceived Workforce Challenges among Clinical Social Workers in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Programs

Ferguson

Randall

Dabney

et al. 2018

Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation

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Clinical social workers are psychosocial care experts who provide interventions that aim to address the emotional, relational, financial, and logistical challenges that arise throughout the hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) treatment and recovery process. Interventions that contribute to better patient outcomes can include cognitive behavioral therapy and counseling for adaptation to illness, family planning for 24/7 caregiver availability and strategies to support patient activities of daily living, instruction on guided imagery and relaxation techniques for symptom management and to decrease anxiety, psychoeducation on the treatment trajectory, and linkage with financial resources. A Social Work Workforce Group (SWG) was established through the System Capacity Initiative, led by the National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, to characterize the current social work workforce capacity and challenges. The SWG conducted a web-based survey of HCT clinical social workers in the United States. The response rate was 57% (n = 90), representing 76 transplant centers. Survey results indicated that the clinical social worker role and scope of practice varies significantly between centers; less than half of respondents reported that their clinical social work expertise was used to its fullest potential. With an estimated 3-fold increase in HCT patient volume by 2020, the need for specialized psychosocial health services will increase. The SWG makes recommendations to build capacity for the psychosocial care of HCT patients and to more fully integrate the social worker as a core member of the HCT team. The SWG created a Blood and Marrow Transplant (BMT) Clinical Social Worker role description that can be used by transplant centers to educate healthcare professionals, benchmark utilization of clinical social workers, and improve comprehensive psychosocial health programs.

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“…The survey was administered to pharmacists in only four U.S. states. The response rate achieved was positive in light of evidence suggesting that surveys, particularly those executed through email, are otherwise quite low [49]. However, the response rate was low enough to preclude generalization of attitudes even to pharmacists in the four states comprising the sampling frame.…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Value and Potential Integration of Pharmacy Technician National Certification into Processes That Help Assure a Competent Workforce

Desselle

McKeirnan

2019

Pharmacy

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The purposes of this study were: (1) to determine pharmacists’ perceptions of the impact of certification on competence in specific job skills, its impact in combination with job experience, and its impact in combination with other types of vocational education/training; (2) to identify elements that could potentially enhance the value, or impact of national certification; and (3) to determine how pharmacists view certification in light of various personnel management and organizational behavior phenomena. A self-administered survey was constructed and delivered in spring of 2019 to a random sample of four U.S. states chosen for their geographic diversity and relatively high proportions of both certified and non-certified pharmacy technicians. Following multiple reminders, a response rate of 19.3% was obtained. The 326 responding pharmacists saw certification being less impactful alone than when combined with other types of education/training and previous job experiences. They saw the need for more skills-related and “soft skills” content on the certification examination and agreed that certification is a factor in hiring decisions and that it should be required for designation for advanced practice status. Taken together, respondents saw the need for pharmacy leaders to integrate certification with other aspects of preparation to make for a more competent and professional workforce support team.

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Response rate, response time, and economic costs of survey research: A randomized trial of practicing pharmacists

Cited by 93 publications

References 21 publications

The practice of intensive care in Latin America: a survey of academic intensivists

The practice of intensive care in Latin America: a survey of academic intensivists

Perceived Workforce Challenges among Clinical Social Workers in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Programs

The Value and Potential Integration of Pharmacy Technician National Certification into Processes That Help Assure a Competent Workforce

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