Response Properties of Visual Interneurons to Motion Stimuli in the Praying Mantis, Tenodera aridifolia

Yamawaki, Yoshifumi; Toh, Yoshihiro

doi:10.2108/zsj.20.819

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…He characterized motion‐sensitive neurons responding to a small moving disc, bars, and grating stimuli. Many neurons have a strong preference for small moving objects directly in front of the animal, however some LOX neurons also respond to large field motion as was also found by Yamawaki & Toh (). Although the innervated subunits of the LOX were not identified by Berger (), all neurons had tangential ramifications in distal areas that might correspond to the OLO or ALO.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Anatomy of the lobula complex in the brain of the praying mantis compared to the lobula complexes of the locust and cockroach

Rosner

Hadeln

Salden

et al. 2017

J of Comparative Neurology

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The praying mantis is an insect which relies on vision for capturing prey, avoiding being eaten and for spatial orientation. It is well known for its ability to use stereopsis for estimating the distance of objects. The neuronal substrate mediating visually driven behaviors, however, is not very well investigated. To provide a basis for future functional studies, we analyzed the anatomical organization of visual neuropils in the brain of the praying mantis Hierodula membranacea and provide supporting evidence from a second species, Rhombodera basalis, with particular focus on the lobula complex (LOX). Neuropils were three‐dimensionally reconstructed from synapsin‐immunostained whole mount brains. The neuropil organization and the pattern of γ‐aminobutyric acid immunostaining of the medulla and LOX were compared between the praying mantis and two related polyneopteran species, the Madeira cockroach and the desert locust. The investigated visual neuropils of the praying mantis are highly structured. Unlike in most insects the LOX of the praying mantis consists of five nested neuropils with at least one neuropil not present in the cockroach or locust. Overall, the mantis LOX is more similar to the LOX of the locust than the more closely related cockroach suggesting that the sensory ecology plays a stronger role than the phylogenetic distance of the three species in structuring this center of visual information processing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Anatomy of the lobula complex in the brain of the praying mantis compared to the lobula complexes of the locust and cockroach

Rosner

Hadeln

Salden

et al. 2017

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Four kinds of visual stimuli similar to previous studies (Yamawaki & Toh, , , ) were used. First were light ON and OFF stimuli in which the background luminance switched instantaneously between black and white.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details of the apparatus for visual stimulation have been described previously (Yamawaki & Toh, 2009b Four kinds of visual stimuli similar to previous studies (Yamawaki & Toh, 2003, 2009a, 2009b…”

Section: Visual Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mantises visually detect their prey (Prete, Theis, Dominguez, & Bogue, 2013;Yamawaki, Uno, Ikeda, & Toh, 2011) and show defensive responses to an approaching object (Yamawaki, 2011). It has been suggested that mantises possess visual interneurons that are likely involved with these behaviors: flight control (Yamawaki & Toh, 2009a); prey recognition (Yamawaki & Toh, 2003); and collision detection (Yamawaki & Toh, 2009b). However, morphologies of LOX neurons in the mantis have not been investigated well (but see Berger, 1985;Rosner, von Hadeln, Salden, & Homberg, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unraveling the functional organization of lobula complex in the mantis brain by identification of visual interneurons

Yamawaki

2019

J of Comparative Neurology

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The praying mantis shows broad repertories of visually guided behaviors such as prey recognition and defense against collision. It is likely that neurons in the lobula complex (LOX), the third visual neuropil in the optic lobe, play significant roles in these behaviors. The LOX in the mantis brain consists of five neuropils: outer lobes 1 and 2 (OLO1 and OLO2); anterior lobe (ALO); dorsal lobe (DLO); and stalk lobe (SLO), and ALO comprise ventral and dorsal subunits, ALO‐V and ALO‐D. To understand the functional organization of LOX, intracellular electrodes were used for recording from and staining neurons in these neuropils of the mantis (Tenodera aridifolia). The neurons belonged to three categories based on their response properties and morphologies. First, tangential ALO‐V neurons projecting to ventromedial neuropils (VMNP) (TAproM1 and 2), tangential DLO (or ALO‐D) neurons projecting to VMNP (TDproM1 and 2), and tangential ALO‐V centrifugal neurons (TAcen) all showed directional sensitivity and sustained excitation to gratings drifting in preferred direction (outward–downward, inward–upward, outward–upward, inward–downward, and inward, respectively). Second, tangential OLO neurons projecting to VMNP or ventrolateral neuropils (VLNP) (TOproM or TOproL), columnar OLO commissural neurons (COcom), and SLO commissural neurons (Scom) all showed strong excitation to 2°–8° moving squares but little excitations to drifting gratings. COcom and SLO neurons ramified in both left and right LOX. Last, the class of tangential ALO‐V neurons projecting to VLNP (TAproL1, 2, and 3) responded best to looming circles and showed little excitation to receding, darkening, and lightening circles.

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“…No specific permission was required for collecting the oothecae at that site. Nymphs obtained from 4 oothecae were bred to adulthood using methods previously described [12], [13]. The mantises passed 7 different nymphean instars before reaching adulthood.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antennal Development in the Praying Mantis (Tenodera aridifolia) Highlights Multitudinous Processes in Hemimetabolous Insect Species

et al. 2014

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Insects possess antennae equipped with a large number of segments (flagellomeres) on which sensory organs (sensilla) are located. Hemimetabolous insects grow by molting until they reach adulthood. In these species, the sensory structures develop and mature during each stage of development; new flagellomeres are generated at each molt elongating the antennae, and new sensilla appear. The praying mantis (Tenodera aridifolia) is a hemimetabolous insect with 7 different instars before it reaches adulthood. Because their antennae are provided with an atypical sensillar distribution, we previously suggested that their antennae develop with a different mechanism to other hemimetaboulous insect species. In the present study, we measured the number, length and width of flagellomeres along the antennae in nymph and adult mantis Tenodera aridifolia. For this study, we developed a new and innovative methodology to reconstruct the antennal development based on the length of flagellomeres. We observed and confirmed that the antennae of mantises develop with the addition of new segments at two distinct sites. In addition, we constructed a complete database of the features of the flagellum for each stage of development. From our data, we found that sexual dimorphism appears from the 6 instar (larger number and wider flagellomeres in males) in accordance with the appearance of their genital apparatus. The antennal sexual dimorphism completes at adulthood with longer flagellomeres and the emergence of a huge number of grooved peg sensilla in males during the last molting, which suggests once again their function as sex-pheromone receptive sensilla.

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Response Properties of Visual Interneurons to Motion Stimuli in the Praying Mantis, Tenodera aridifolia

Cited by 20 publications

References 32 publications

Anatomy of the lobula complex in the brain of the praying mantis compared to the lobula complexes of the locust and cockroach

Anatomy of the lobula complex in the brain of the praying mantis compared to the lobula complexes of the locust and cockroach

Unraveling the functional organization of lobula complex in the mantis brain by identification of visual interneurons

Antennal Development in the Praying Mantis (Tenodera aridifolia) Highlights Multitudinous Processes in Hemimetabolous Insect Species

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