Response of ungrafted rootstocks and rootstocks grafted with wine grape varieties (Vitissp.) to ‘lime-induced chlorosis’

Changes in physiological activities and root exudation profile of two grapevine rootstocks reveal common and specific strategies for Fe acquisition

“…slower growth rate and smaller root system) rather than an adaptive one, typically displayed by other tolerant rootstocks such as Vitis berlandieri , a parent of 140R 23 . This latter variety has been characterized not only in terms of changes in its growth parameters 14 , but also of physiological and biochemical responses to the low Fe availability 26 – 28 . Our experimental conditions were able to induce Fe-deficiency symptoms in both rootstocks, as confirmed by their lower leaf SPAD index (Fig.…”

“…In addition to root acidification, measuring Fe(III)-reductase activity has been proposed as a valid method to screen genotypes tolerant to Fe chlorosis 12 , 13 . It should be added however that some questions have been raised on the appropriateness of using the former parameter to discriminate this trait 14 . With respect to these biochemical activities, Ramsey and 140R displayed some differences in their response to Fe deficiency.…”

“…These two root activities were proposed as a useful method to screen genotypes for their response to bicarbonate-induced chlorosis 12 and Fe shortage in hydroponic cultures 13 . Assimakopoulou et al 14 on the other hand suggest that the observation of chlorotic symptoms and plant growth parameters might be a more useful screening tool than measuring leaf Fe content and root ferric chelate reductase (FCR) activity. The release of root exudates into the rhizosphere can directly or indirectly improve Fe acquisition and may therefore be of crucial importance when attempting to discriminate genotypes according to their ability to cope with low Fe availability.…”

Rootstocks for Grapevines Now and into the Future: Selection of Rootstocks Based on Drought Tolerance, Soil Nutrient Availability, and Soil pH

“…Diferent rootstocks have altered magnesium uptake capacities (Table 4). A previous study found that Richter 110 could reduce magnesium uptake of the grafted vines, where both Xinomavro and Chardonnay grafted to Richter 110 showed considerably low magnesium content in leaf compared to same grapevine scions grafted to 41B, Paulsen 1103, and Ruggeri 140 [90]. Likewise, Freedom, Ramsey, and SO4 also have a tendency to restrict magnesium uptake in grapevines.…”

“…C-repeat binding factor/dehydration responsive element binding protein 1 (CBF/DREB1) genes also play important roles in salt stress management. Overexpression of VrCBF1 and VrCBF4 isolated from V. riparia can increase the survivability of A. thaliana Col-0 exposed to drought- 1212 Couderc [3,86] 1616 Couderc [89] 3309 Couderc [84] 41 B Millardet et de Grasset [84,88,90,91] 420A [84,92,93] 44-53 M [84] Börner [94] Dog ridge [84] Fercal [10,12,95,96] Freedom [84,97] Georgikon 28 [10] Gravesac [84,98] Harmony [97] Kober 5BB [10,12,98,99] Merbein 5489 [94] Merbein 5512 [94] Paulsen 775 [100,101] Paulsen 1103 [3,5,45 induced saline stress [119]. Tis may explain why Cabernet Sauvignon grafted to several descendants of V. riparia, including Börner and Freedom, exhibited enhanced Na + exclusion ability and lower sodium content in the petiole [84].…”